Add `ack` binary

`ack`, while inferior to `ag`, is still useful to keep in the repository
because it should run most everywhere - it is a plain perl script. It is
used as a fall back for the `easy-grep` vim plugin.

bin/ack

@@ -0,0 +1,5161 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+#
+# This file, ack, is generated code.
+# Please DO NOT EDIT or send patches for it.
+#
+# Please take a look at the source from
+# https://github.com/petdance/ack2
+# and submit patches against the individual files
+# that build ack.
+#
+
+package main;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+our $VERSION = '2.14'; # Check http://beyondgrep.com/ for updates
+
+use 5.008008;
+use Getopt::Long 2.35 ();
+use Carp 1.04 ();
+
+use File::Spec ();
+
+
+# XXX Don't make this so brute force
+# See also: https://github.com/petdance/ack2/issues/89
+
+# These are all our globals.
+
+MAIN: {
+    $App::Ack::orig_program_name = $0;
+    $0 = join(' ', 'ack', $0);
+    if ( $App::Ack::VERSION ne $main::VERSION ) {
+        App::Ack::die( "Program/library version mismatch\n\t$0 is $main::VERSION\n\t$INC{'App/Ack.pm'} is $App::Ack::VERSION" );
+    }
+
+    # Do preliminary arg checking;
+    my $env_is_usable = 1;
+    for my $arg ( @ARGV ) {
+        last if ( $arg eq '--' );
+
+        # Get the --thpppt, --bar, --cathy checking out of the way.
+        $arg =~ /^--th[pt]+t+$/ and App::Ack::_thpppt($arg);
+        $arg eq '--bar'         and App::Ack::_bar();
+        $arg eq '--cathy'       and App::Ack::_cathy();
+
+        # See if we want to ignore the environment. (Don't tell Al Gore.)
+        $arg eq '--env'         and $env_is_usable = 1;
+        $arg eq '--noenv'       and $env_is_usable = 0;
+    }
+
+    if ( !$env_is_usable ) {
+        my @keys = ( 'ACKRC', grep { /^ACK_/ } keys %ENV );
+        delete @ENV{@keys};
+    }
+    load_colors();
+
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('default', 'no_auto_help', 'no_auto_version');
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('pass_through', 'no_auto_abbrev');
+    Getopt::Long::GetOptions(
+        'help'       => sub { App::Ack::show_help(); exit; },
+        'version'    => sub { App::Ack::print_version_statement(); exit; },
+        'man'        => sub { App::Ack::show_man(); exit; },
+    );
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('default', 'no_auto_help', 'no_auto_version');
+
+    if ( !@ARGV ) {
+        App::Ack::show_help();
+        exit 1;
+    }
+
+    main();
+}
+
+sub _compile_descend_filter {
+    my ( $opt ) = @_;
+
+    my $idirs            = $opt->{idirs};
+    my $dont_ignore_dirs = $opt->{no_ignore_dirs};
+
+    # if we have one or more --noignore-dir directives, we can't ignore
+    # entire subdirectory hierarchies, so we return an "accept all"
+    # filter and scrutinize the files more in _compile_file_filter
+    return if $dont_ignore_dirs;
+    return unless $idirs && @{$idirs};
+
+    my %ignore_dirs;
+
+    foreach my $idir (@{$idirs}) {
+        if ( $idir =~ /^(\w+):(.*)/ ) {
+            if ( $1 eq 'is') {
+                $ignore_dirs{$2} = 1;
+            }
+            else {
+                Carp::croak( 'Non-is filters are not yet supported for --ignore-dir' );
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            Carp::croak( qq{Invalid filter specification "$idir"} );
+        }
+    }
+
+    return sub {
+        return !exists $ignore_dirs{$_} && !exists $ignore_dirs{$File::Next::dir};
+    };
+}
+
+sub _compile_file_filter {
+    my ( $opt, $start ) = @_;
+
+    my $ifiles = $opt->{ifiles};
+    $ifiles  ||= [];
+
+    my $ifiles_filters = App::Ack::Filter::Collection->new();
+
+    foreach my $filter_spec (@{$ifiles}) {
+        if ( $filter_spec =~ /^(\w+):(.+)/ ) {
+            my ($how,$what) = ($1,$2);
+            my $filter = App::Ack::Filter->create_filter($how, split(/,/, $what));
+            $ifiles_filters->add($filter);
+        }
+        else {
+            Carp::croak( qq{Invalid filter specification "$filter_spec"} );
+        }
+    }
+
+    my $filters         = $opt->{'filters'} || [];
+    my $direct_filters = App::Ack::Filter::Collection->new();
+    my $inverse_filters = App::Ack::Filter::Collection->new();
+
+    foreach my $filter (@{$filters}) {
+        if ($filter->is_inverted()) {
+            # We want to check if files match the uninverted filters
+            $inverse_filters->add($filter->invert());
+        }
+        else {
+            $direct_filters->add($filter);
+        }
+    }
+
+    my %is_member_of_starting_set = map { (get_file_id($_) => 1) } @{$start};
+
+    my $ignore_dir_list      = $opt->{idirs};
+    my $dont_ignore_dir_list = $opt->{no_ignore_dirs};
+
+    my %ignore_dir_set;
+    my %dont_ignore_dir_set;
+
+    foreach my $filter (@{ $ignore_dir_list }) {
+        if ( $filter =~ /^(\w+):(.*)/ ) {
+            if ( $1 eq 'is' ) {
+                $ignore_dir_set{ $2 } = 1;
+            } else {
+                Carp::croak( 'Non-is filters are not yet supported for --ignore-dir' );
+            }
+        } else {
+            Carp::croak( qq{Invalid filter specification "$filter"} );
+        }
+    }
+    foreach my $filter (@{ $dont_ignore_dir_list }) {
+        if ( $filter =~ /^(\w+):(.*)/ ) {
+            if ( $1 eq 'is' ) {
+                $dont_ignore_dir_set{ $2 } = 1;
+            } else {
+                Carp::croak( 'Non-is filters are not yet supported for --ignore-dir' );
+            }
+        } else {
+            Carp::croak( qq{Invalid filter specification "$filter"} );
+        }
+    }
+
+    my $match_filenames = $opt->{g};
+    my $match_regex     = $opt->{regex};
+    my $is_inverted     = $opt->{v};
+
+    return sub {
+        if ( $match_filenames ) {
+            if ( $File::Next::name =~ /$match_regex/ && $is_inverted ) {
+                return;
+            }
+            if ( $File::Next::name !~ /$match_regex/ && !$is_inverted ) {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        # ack always selects files that are specified on the command
+        # line, regardless of filetype.  If you want to ack a JPEG,
+        # and say "ack foo whatever.jpg" it will do it for you.
+        return 1 if $is_member_of_starting_set{ get_file_id($File::Next::name) };
+
+        if ( $dont_ignore_dir_list ) {
+            my ( undef, $dirname ) = File::Spec->splitpath($File::Next::name);
+            my @dirs               = File::Spec->splitdir($dirname);
+
+            my $is_ignoring = 0;
+
+            foreach my $dir ( @dirs ) {
+                if ( $ignore_dir_set{ $dir } ) {
+                    $is_ignoring = 1;
+                }
+                elsif ( $dont_ignore_dir_set{ $dir } ) {
+                    $is_ignoring = 0;
+                }
+            }
+            if ( $is_ignoring ) {
+                return 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        # Ignore named pipes found in directory searching.  Named
+        # pipes created by subprocesses get specified on the command
+        # line, so the rule of "always select whatever is on the
+        # command line" wins.
+        return 0 if -p $File::Next::name;
+
+        # We can't handle unreadable filenames; report them.
+        if ( not -r _ ) {
+            use filetest 'access';
+
+            if ( not -R $File::Next::name ) {
+                if ( $App::Ack::report_bad_filenames ) {
+                    App::Ack::warn( "${File::Next::name}: cannot open file for reading" );
+                }
+                return 0;
+            }
+        }
+
+        my $resource = App::Ack::Resource::Basic->new($File::Next::name);
+        return 0 if !$resource || $ifiles_filters->filter($resource);
+
+        my $match_found = $direct_filters->filter($resource);
+
+        # Don't bother invoking inverse filters unless we consider the current resource a match
+        if ( $match_found && $inverse_filters->filter( $resource ) ) {
+            $match_found = 0;
+        }
+        return $match_found;
+    };
+}
+
+sub show_types {
+    my $resource = shift;
+    my $ors      = shift;
+
+    my @types = filetypes( $resource );
+    my $types = join( ',', @types );
+    my $arrow = @types ? ' => ' : ' =>';
+    App::Ack::print( $resource->name, $arrow, join( ',', @types ), $ors );
+
+    return;
+}
+
+# Set default colors, load Term::ANSIColor
+sub load_colors {
+    eval 'use Term::ANSIColor 1.10 ()';
+    eval 'use Win32::Console::ANSI' if $App::Ack::is_windows;
+
+    $ENV{ACK_COLOR_MATCH}    ||= 'black on_yellow';
+    $ENV{ACK_COLOR_FILENAME} ||= 'bold green';
+    $ENV{ACK_COLOR_LINENO}   ||= 'bold yellow';
+
+    return;
+}
+
+sub filetypes {
+    my ( $resource ) = @_;
+
+    my @matches;
+
+    foreach my $k (keys %App::Ack::mappings) {
+        my $filters = $App::Ack::mappings{$k};
+
+        foreach my $filter (@{$filters}) {
+            # clone the resource
+            my $clone = $resource->clone;
+            if ( $filter->filter($clone) ) {
+                push @matches, $k;
+                last;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    # http://search.cpan.org/dist/Perl-Critic/lib/Perl/Critic/Policy/Subroutines/ProhibitReturnSort.pm
+    @matches = sort @matches;
+    return @matches;
+}
+
+# Returns a (fairly) unique identifier for a file.
+# Use this function to compare two files to see if they're
+# equal (ie. the same file, but with a different path/links/etc).
+sub get_file_id {
+    my ( $filename ) = @_;
+
+    if ( $App::Ack::is_windows ) {
+        return File::Next::reslash( $filename );
+    }
+    else {
+        # XXX is this the best method? it always hits the FS
+        if( my ( $dev, $inode ) = (stat($filename))[0, 1] ) {
+            return join(':', $dev, $inode);
+        }
+        else {
+            # XXX this could be better
+            return $filename;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# Returns a regex object based on a string and command-line options.
+# Dies when the regex $str is undefined (i.e. not given on command line).
+
+sub build_regex {
+    my $str = shift;
+    my $opt = shift;
+
+    defined $str or App::Ack::die( 'No regular expression found.' );
+
+    $str = quotemeta( $str ) if $opt->{Q};
+    if ( $opt->{w} ) {
+        my $pristine_str = $str;
+
+        $str = "(?:$str)";
+        $str = "\\b$str" if $pristine_str =~ /^\w/;
+        $str = "$str\\b" if $pristine_str =~ /\w$/;
+    }
+
+    my $regex_is_lc = $str eq lc $str;
+    if ( $opt->{i} || ($opt->{smart_case} && $regex_is_lc) ) {
+        $str = "(?i)$str";
+    }
+
+    my $re = eval { qr/$str/ };
+    if ( !$re ) {
+        die "Invalid regex '$str':\n  $@";
+    }
+
+    return $re;
+
+}
+
+{
+
+my @before_ctx_lines;
+my @after_ctx_lines;
+my $is_iterating;
+
+my $has_printed_something;
+
+BEGIN {
+    $has_printed_something = 0;
+}
+
+sub print_matches_in_resource {
+    my ( $resource, $opt ) = @_;
+
+    my $passthru       = $opt->{passthru};
+    my $max_count      = $opt->{m} || -1;
+    my $nmatches       = 0;
+    my $filename       = $resource->name;
+    my $break          = $opt->{break};
+    my $heading        = $opt->{heading};
+    my $ors            = $opt->{print0} ? "\0" : "\n";
+    my $color          = $opt->{color};
+    my $print_filename = $opt->{show_filename};
+
+    my $has_printed_for_this_resource = 0;
+
+    $is_iterating = 1;
+
+    local $opt->{before_context} = $opt->{output} ? 0 : $opt->{before_context};
+    local $opt->{after_context}  = $opt->{output} ? 0 : $opt->{after_context};
+
+    my $n_before_ctx_lines = $opt->{before_context} || 0;
+    my $n_after_ctx_lines  = $opt->{after_context}  || 0;
+
+    @after_ctx_lines = @before_ctx_lines = ();
+
+    my $fh = $resource->open();
+    if ( !$fh ) {
+        if ( $App::Ack::report_bad_filenames ) {
+            App::Ack::warn( "$filename: $!" );
+        }
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    my $display_filename = $filename;
+    if ( $print_filename && $heading && $color ) {
+        $display_filename = Term::ANSIColor::colored($display_filename, $ENV{ACK_COLOR_FILENAME});
+    }
+
+    # check for context before the main loop, so we don't
+    # pay for it if we don't need it
+    if ( $n_before_ctx_lines || $n_after_ctx_lines ) {
+        my $current_line = <$fh>; # prime the first line of input
+
+        while ( defined $current_line ) {
+            while ( (@after_ctx_lines < $n_after_ctx_lines) && defined($_ = <$fh>) ) {
+                push @after_ctx_lines, $_;
+            }
+
+            local $_ = $current_line;
+            my $former_dot_period = $.;
+            $. -= @after_ctx_lines;
+
+            if ( does_match($opt, $_) ) {
+                if ( !$has_printed_for_this_resource ) {
+                    if ( $break && $has_printed_something ) {
+                        App::Ack::print_blank_line();
+                    }
+                    if ( $print_filename && $heading ) {
+                        App::Ack::print_filename( $display_filename, $ors );
+                    }
+                }
+                print_line_with_context($opt, $filename, $_, $.);
+                $has_printed_for_this_resource = 1;
+                $nmatches++;
+                $max_count--;
+            }
+            elsif ( $passthru ) {
+                chomp; # XXX proper newline handling?
+                # XXX inline this call?
+                if ( $break && !$has_printed_for_this_resource && $has_printed_something ) {
+                    App::Ack::print_blank_line();
+                }
+                print_line_with_options($opt, $filename, $_, $., ':');
+                $has_printed_for_this_resource = 1;
+            }
+            last unless $max_count != 0;
+
+            # I tried doing this with local(), but for some reason,
+            # $. continued to have its new value after the exit of the
+            # enclosing block.  I'm guessing that $. has some extra
+            # magic associated with it or something.  If someone can
+            # tell me why this happened, I would love to know!
+            $. = $former_dot_period; # XXX this won't happen on an exception
+
+            if ( $n_before_ctx_lines ) {
+                push @before_ctx_lines, $current_line;
+                shift @before_ctx_lines while @before_ctx_lines > $n_before_ctx_lines;
+            }
+            if ( $n_after_ctx_lines ) {
+                $current_line = shift @after_ctx_lines;
+            }
+            else {
+                $current_line = <$fh>;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        local $_;
+
+        while ( <$fh> ) {
+            if ( does_match($opt, $_) ) {
+                if ( !$has_printed_for_this_resource ) {
+                    if ( $break && $has_printed_something ) {
+                        App::Ack::print_blank_line();
+                    }
+                    if ( $print_filename && $heading ) {
+                        App::Ack::print_filename( $display_filename, $ors );
+                    }
+                }
+                print_line_with_context($opt, $filename, $_, $.);
+                $has_printed_for_this_resource = 1;
+                $nmatches++;
+                $max_count--;
+            }
+            elsif ( $passthru ) {
+                chomp; # XXX proper newline handling?
+                if ( $break && !$has_printed_for_this_resource && $has_printed_something ) {
+                    App::Ack::print_blank_line();
+                }
+                print_line_with_options($opt, $filename, $_, $., ':');
+                $has_printed_for_this_resource = 1;
+            }
+            last unless $max_count != 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    $is_iterating = 0; # XXX this won't happen on an exception
+                       #     then again, do we care? ack doesn't really
+                       #     handle exceptions anyway.
+
+    return $nmatches;
+}
+
+sub print_line_with_options {
+    my ( $opt, $filename, $line, $line_no, $separator ) = @_;
+
+    $has_printed_something = 1;
+
+    my $print_filename = $opt->{show_filename};
+    my $print_column   = $opt->{column};
+    my $ors            = $opt->{print0} ? "\0" : "\n";
+    my $heading        = $opt->{heading};
+    my $output_expr    = $opt->{output};
+    my $color          = $opt->{color};
+
+    my @line_parts;
+
+    if( $color ) {
+        $filename = Term::ANSIColor::colored($filename,
+            $ENV{ACK_COLOR_FILENAME});
+        $line_no  = Term::ANSIColor::colored($line_no,
+            $ENV{ACK_COLOR_LINENO});
+    }
+
+    if($print_filename) {
+        if( $heading ) {
+            push @line_parts, $line_no;
+        }
+        else {
+            push @line_parts, $filename, $line_no;
+        }
+
+        if( $print_column ) {
+            push @line_parts, get_match_column();
+        }
+    }
+    if( $output_expr ) {
+        while ( $line =~ /$opt->{regex}/og ) {
+            # XXX We need to stop using eval() for --output.  See https://github.com/petdance/ack2/issues/421
+            my $output = eval $output_expr;
+            App::Ack::print( join( $separator, @line_parts, $output ), $ors );
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        if ( $color ) {
+            $line =~ /$opt->{regex}/o; # this match is redundant, but we need
+                                       # to perfom it in order to get if
+                                       # capture groups are set
+
+            if ( @+ > 1 ) { # if we have captures
+                while ( $line =~ /$opt->{regex}/og ) {
+                    my $offset = 0; # additional offset for when we add stuff
+                    my $previous_match_end = 0;
+
+                    for ( my $i = 1; $i < @+; $i++ ) {
+                        my ( $match_start, $match_end ) = ( $-[$i], $+[$i] );
+
+                        next unless defined($match_start);
+                        next if $match_start < $previous_match_end;
+
+                        my $substring = substr( $line,
+                            $offset + $match_start, $match_end - $match_start );
+                        my $substitution = Term::ANSIColor::colored( $substring,
+                            $ENV{ACK_COLOR_MATCH} );
+
+                        substr( $line, $offset + $match_start,
+                            $match_end - $match_start, $substitution );
+
+                        $previous_match_end  = $match_end; # offsets do not need to be applied
+                        $offset             += length( $substitution ) - length( $substring );
+                    }
+
+                    pos($line) = $+[0] + $offset;
+                }
+            }
+            else {
+                my $matched = 0; # flag; if matched, need to escape afterwards
+
+                while ( $line =~ /$opt->{regex}/og ) {
+
+                    $matched = 1;
+                    my ( $match_start, $match_end ) = ($-[0], $+[0]);
+                    next unless defined($match_start);
+
+                    my $substring = substr( $line, $match_start,
+                        $match_end - $match_start );
+                    my $substitution = Term::ANSIColor::colored( $substring,
+                        $ENV{ACK_COLOR_MATCH} );
+
+                    substr( $line, $match_start, $match_end - $match_start,
+                        $substitution );
+
+                    pos($line) = $match_end +
+                    (length( $substitution ) - length( $substring ));
+                }
+                # XXX why do we do this?
+                $line .= "\033[0m\033[K" if $matched;
+            }
+        }
+
+        push @line_parts, $line;
+        App::Ack::print( join( $separator, @line_parts ), $ors );
+    }
+
+    return;
+}
+
+sub iterate {
+    my ( $resource, $opt, $cb ) = @_;
+
+    $is_iterating = 1;
+
+    local $opt->{before_context} = $opt->{output} ? 0 : $opt->{before_context};
+    local $opt->{after_context}  = $opt->{output} ? 0 : $opt->{after_context};
+
+    my $n_before_ctx_lines = $opt->{before_context} || 0;
+    my $n_after_ctx_lines  = $opt->{after_context}  || 0;
+
+    @after_ctx_lines = @before_ctx_lines = ();
+
+    my $fh = $resource->open();
+    if ( !$fh ) {
+        if ( $App::Ack::report_bad_filenames ) {
+            App::Ack::warn( $resource->name . ': ' . $! );
+        }
+        return;
+    }
+
+    # Check for context before the main loop, so we don't pay for it if we don't need it.
+    if ( $n_before_ctx_lines || $n_after_ctx_lines ) {
+        my $current_line = <$fh>; # prime the first line of input
+
+        while ( defined $current_line ) {
+            while ( (@after_ctx_lines < $n_after_ctx_lines) && defined($_ = <$fh>) ) {
+                push @after_ctx_lines, $_;
+            }
+
+            local $_ = $current_line;
+            my $former_dot_period = $.;
+            $. -= @after_ctx_lines;
+
+            last unless $cb->();
+
+            # I tried doing this with local(), but for some reason,
+            # $. continued to have its new value after the exit of the
+            # enclosing block.  I'm guessing that $. has some extra
+            # magic associated with it or something.  If someone can
+            # tell me why this happened, I would love to know!
+            $. = $former_dot_period; # XXX this won't happen on an exception
+
+            if ( $n_before_ctx_lines ) {
+                push @before_ctx_lines, $current_line;
+                shift @before_ctx_lines while @before_ctx_lines > $n_before_ctx_lines;
+            }
+            if ( $n_after_ctx_lines ) {
+                $current_line = shift @after_ctx_lines;
+            }
+            else {
+                $current_line = <$fh>;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        local $_;
+
+        while ( <$fh> ) {
+            last unless $cb->();
+        }
+    }
+
+    $is_iterating = 0; # XXX this won't happen on an exception
+                       #     then again, do we care? ack doesn't really
+                       #     handle exceptions anyway.
+
+    return;
+}
+
+sub get_context {
+    if ( not $is_iterating ) {
+        Carp::croak( 'get_context() called outside of iterate()' );
+    }
+
+    return (
+        scalar(@before_ctx_lines) ? \@before_ctx_lines : undef,
+        scalar(@after_ctx_lines)  ? \@after_ctx_lines  : undef,
+    );
+}
+
+}
+
+{
+
+my $is_first_match;
+my $previous_file_processed;
+my $previous_line_printed;
+
+BEGIN {
+    $is_first_match        = 1;
+    $previous_line_printed = -1;
+}
+
+sub print_line_with_context {
+    my ( $opt, $filename, $matching_line, $line_no ) = @_;
+
+    my $heading = $opt->{heading};
+
+    if( !defined($previous_file_processed) ||
+      $previous_file_processed ne $filename ) {
+        $previous_file_processed = $filename;
+        $previous_line_printed   = -1;
+
+        if( $heading ) {
+            $is_first_match = 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    my $ors                 = $opt->{print0} ? "\0" : "\n";
+    my $match_word          = $opt->{w};
+    my $is_tracking_context = $opt->{after_context} || $opt->{before_context};
+    my $output_expr         = $opt->{output};
+
+    $matching_line =~ s/[\r\n]+$//g;
+
+    my ( $before_context, $after_context ) = get_context();
+
+    if ( $before_context ) {
+        my $first_line = $. - @{$before_context};
+
+        if ( $first_line <= $previous_line_printed ) {
+            splice @{$before_context}, 0, $previous_line_printed - $first_line + 1;
+            $first_line = $. - @{$before_context};
+        }
+        if ( @{$before_context} ) {
+            my $offset = @{$before_context};
+
+            if( !$is_first_match && $previous_line_printed != $first_line - 1 ) {
+                App::Ack::print('--', $ors);
+            }
+            foreach my $line (@{$before_context}) {
+                my $context_line_no = $. - $offset;
+                if ( $context_line_no <= $previous_line_printed ) {
+                    next;
+                }
+
+                chomp $line;
+                local $opt->{column};
+
+                print_line_with_options($opt, $filename, $line, $context_line_no, '-');
+                $previous_line_printed = $context_line_no;
+                $offset--;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ( $. > $previous_line_printed ) {
+        if( $is_tracking_context && !$is_first_match && $previous_line_printed != $. - 1 ) {
+            App::Ack::print('--', $ors);
+        }
+
+        print_line_with_options($opt, $filename, $matching_line, $line_no, ':');
+        $previous_line_printed = $.;
+    }
+
+    if($after_context) {
+        my $offset = 1;
+        foreach my $line (@{$after_context}) {
+            # XXX improve this!
+            if ( $previous_line_printed >= $. + $offset ) {
+                $offset++;
+                next;
+            }
+            chomp $line;
+
+            if ( $opt->{regex} && does_match( $opt, $line ) ) {
+                print_line_with_options($opt, $filename, $line, $. + $offset, ':');
+            }
+            else {
+                local $opt->{column};
+                print_line_with_options($opt, $filename, $line, $. + $offset, '-');
+            }
+            $previous_line_printed = $. + $offset;
+            $offset++;
+        }
+    }
+
+    $is_first_match = 0;
+
+    return;
+}
+
+}
+
+{
+
+my $match_column_number;
+
+# does_match() MUST have an $opt->{regex} set.
+
+sub does_match {
+    my ( $opt, $line ) = @_;
+
+    $match_column_number = undef;
+
+    if ( $opt->{v} ) {
+        return ( $line !~ /$opt->{regex}/o );
+    }
+    else {
+        if ( $line =~ /$opt->{regex}/o ) {
+            # @- = @LAST_MATCH_START
+            # @+ = @LAST_MATCH_END
+            $match_column_number = $-[0] + 1;
+            return 1;
+        }
+        else {
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+sub get_match_column {
+    return $match_column_number;
+}
+
+}
+
+sub resource_has_match {
+    my ( $resource, $opt ) = @_;
+
+    my $has_match = 0;
+    my $fh = $resource->open();
+    if ( !$fh ) {
+        if ( $App::Ack::report_bad_filenames ) {
+            App::Ack::warn( $resource->name . ': ' . $! );
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        my $re = $opt->{regex};
+        if ( $opt->{v} ) {
+            while ( <$fh> ) {
+                if (!/$re/o) {
+                    $has_match = 1;
+                    last;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            # XXX read in chunks
+            # XXX only do this for certain file sizes?
+            my $content = do {
+                local $/;
+                <$fh>;
+            };
+            $has_match = $content =~ /$re/og;
+        }
+        close $fh;
+    }
+
+    return $has_match;
+}
+
+sub count_matches_in_resource {
+    my ( $resource, $opt ) = @_;
+
+    my $nmatches = 0;
+    my $fh = $resource->open();
+    if ( !$fh ) {
+        if ( $App::Ack::report_bad_filenames ) {
+            App::Ack::warn( $resource->name . ': ' . $! );
+        }
+    }
+    else {
+        my $re = $opt->{regex};
+        if ( $opt->{v} ) {
+            while ( <$fh> ) {
+                ++$nmatches if (!/$re/o);
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            my $content = do {
+                local $/;
+                <$fh>;
+            };
+            $nmatches =()= ($content =~ /$re/og);
+        }
+        close $fh;
+    }
+
+    return $nmatches;
+}
+
+sub main {
+    my @arg_sources = App::Ack::ConfigLoader::retrieve_arg_sources();
+
+    my $opt = App::Ack::ConfigLoader::process_args( @arg_sources );
+
+    $App::Ack::report_bad_filenames = !$opt->{dont_report_bad_filenames};
+
+    if ( $opt->{flush} ) {
+        $| = 1;
+    }
+
+    if ( !defined($opt->{color}) && !$opt->{g} ) {
+        my $windows_color = 1;
+        if ( $App::Ack::is_windows ) {
+            $windows_color = eval { require Win32::Console::ANSI; };
+        }
+        $opt->{color} = !App::Ack::output_to_pipe() && $windows_color;
+    }
+    if ( not defined $opt->{heading} and not defined $opt->{break}  ) {
+        $opt->{heading} = $opt->{break} = !App::Ack::output_to_pipe();
+    }
+
+    if ( defined($opt->{H}) || defined($opt->{h}) ) {
+        $opt->{show_filename}= $opt->{H} && !$opt->{h};
+    }
+
+    if ( my $output = $opt->{output} ) {
+        $output        =~ s{\\}{\\\\}g;
+        $output        =~ s{"}{\\"}g;
+        $opt->{output} = qq{"$output"};
+    }
+
+    my $resources;
+    if ( $App::Ack::is_filter_mode && !$opt->{files_from} ) { # probably -x
+        $resources    = App::Ack::Resources->from_stdin( $opt );
+        my $regex = $opt->{regex};
+        $regex = shift @ARGV if not defined $regex;
+        $opt->{regex} = build_regex( $regex, $opt );
+    }
+    else {
+        if ( $opt->{f} || $opt->{lines} ) {
+            if ( $opt->{regex} ) {
+                App::Ack::warn( "regex ($opt->{regex}) specified with -f or --lines" );
+                App::Ack::exit_from_ack( 0 ); # XXX the 0 is misleading
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            my $regex = $opt->{regex};
+            $regex = shift @ARGV if not defined $regex;
+            $opt->{regex} = build_regex( $regex, $opt );
+        }
+        my @start;
+        if ( not defined $opt->{files_from} ) {
+            @start = @ARGV;
+        }
+        if ( !exists($opt->{show_filename}) ) {
+            unless(@start == 1 && !(-d $start[0])) {
+                $opt->{show_filename} = 1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if ( defined $opt->{files_from} ) {
+            $resources = App::Ack::Resources->from_file( $opt, $opt->{files_from} );
+            exit 1 unless $resources;
+        }
+        else {
+            @start = ('.') unless @start;
+            foreach my $target (@start) {
+                if ( !-e $target && $App::Ack::report_bad_filenames) {
+                    App::Ack::warn( "$target: No such file or directory" );
+                }
+            }
+
+            $opt->{file_filter}    = _compile_file_filter($opt, \@start);
+            $opt->{descend_filter} = _compile_descend_filter($opt);
+
+            $resources = App::Ack::Resources->from_argv( $opt, \@start );
+        }
+    }
+    App::Ack::set_up_pager( $opt->{pager} ) if defined $opt->{pager};
+
+    my $print_filenames = $opt->{show_filename};
+    my $max_count       = $opt->{m};
+    my $ors             = $opt->{print0} ? "\0" : "\n";
+    my $only_first      = $opt->{1};
+
+    my $nmatches    = 0;
+    my $total_count = 0;
+RESOURCES:
+    while ( my $resource = $resources->next ) {
+        # XXX Combine the -f and -g functions
+        if ( $opt->{f} ) {
+            # XXX printing should probably happen inside of App::Ack
+            if ( $opt->{show_types} ) {
+                show_types( $resource, $ors );
+            }
+            else {
+                App::Ack::print( $resource->name, $ors );
+            }
+            ++$nmatches;
+            last RESOURCES if defined($max_count) && $nmatches >= $max_count;
+        }
+        elsif ( $opt->{g} ) {
+            if ( $opt->{show_types} ) {
+                show_types( $resource, $ors );
+            }
+            else {
+                local $opt->{show_filename} = 0; # XXX Why is this local?
+
+                print_line_with_options($opt, '', $resource->name, 0, $ors);
+            }
+            ++$nmatches;
+            last RESOURCES if defined($max_count) && $nmatches >= $max_count;
+        }
+        elsif ( $opt->{lines} ) {
+            my $print_filename = $opt->{show_filename};
+            my $passthru       = $opt->{passthru};
+
+            my %line_numbers;
+            foreach my $line ( @{ $opt->{lines} } ) {
+                my @lines             = split /,/, $line;
+                @lines                = map {
+                    /^(\d+)-(\d+)$/
+                        ? ( $1 .. $2 )
+                        : $_
+                } @lines;
+                @line_numbers{@lines} = (1) x @lines;
+            }
+
+            my $filename = $resource->name;
+
+            local $opt->{color} = 0;
+
+            iterate($resource, $opt, sub {
+                chomp;
+
+                if ( $line_numbers{$.} ) {
+                    print_line_with_context($opt, $filename, $_, $.);
+                }
+                elsif ( $passthru ) {
+                    print_line_with_options($opt, $filename, $_, $., ':');
+                }
+                return 1;
+            });
+        }
+        elsif ( $opt->{count} ) {
+            my $matches_for_this_file = count_matches_in_resource( $resource, $opt );
+
+            if ( not $opt->{show_filename} ) {
+                $total_count += $matches_for_this_file;
+                next RESOURCES;
+            }
+
+            if ( !$opt->{l} || $matches_for_this_file > 0) {
+                if ( $print_filenames ) {
+                    App::Ack::print( $resource->name, ':', $matches_for_this_file, $ors );
+                }
+                else {
+                    App::Ack::print( $matches_for_this_file, $ors );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        elsif ( $opt->{l} || $opt->{L} ) {
+            my $is_match = resource_has_match( $resource, $opt );
+
+            if ( $opt->{L} ? !$is_match : $is_match ) {
+                App::Ack::print( $resource->name, $ors );
+                ++$nmatches;
+
+                last RESOURCES if $only_first;
+                last RESOURCES if defined($max_count) && $nmatches >= $max_count;
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            $nmatches += print_matches_in_resource( $resource, $opt );
+            if ( $nmatches && $only_first ) {
+                last RESOURCES;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ( $opt->{count} && !$opt->{show_filename} ) {
+        App::Ack::print( $total_count, "\n" );
+    }
+
+    close $App::Ack::fh;
+    App::Ack::exit_from_ack( $nmatches );
+}
+
+
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+ack - grep-like text finder
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+    ack [options] PATTERN [FILE...]
+    ack -f [options] [DIRECTORY...]
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+Ack is designed as an alternative to F<grep> for programmers.
+
+Ack searches the named input FILEs (or standard input if no files
+are named, or the file name - is given) for lines containing a match
+to the given PATTERN.  By default, ack prints the matching lines.
+
+PATTERN is a Perl regular expression.  Perl regular expressions
+are commonly found in other programming languages, but for the particulars
+of their behavior, please consult
+L<http://perldoc.perl.org/perlreref.html|perlreref>.  If you don't know
+how to use regular expression but are interested in learning, you may
+consult L<http://perldoc.perl.org/perlretut.html|perlretut>.  If you do not
+need or want ack to use regular expressions, please see the
+C<-Q>/C<--literal> option.
+
+Ack can also list files that would be searched, without actually
+searching them, to let you take advantage of ack's file-type filtering
+capabilities.
+
+=head1 FILE SELECTION
+
+If files are not specified for searching, either on the command
+line or piped in with the C<-x> option, I<ack> delves into
+subdirectories selecting files for searching.
+
+I<ack> is intelligent about the files it searches.  It knows about
+certain file types, based on both the extension on the file and,
+in some cases, the contents of the file.  These selections can be
+made with the B<--type> option.
+
+With no file selection, I<ack> searches through regular files that
+are not explicitly excluded by B<--ignore-dir> and B<--ignore-file>
+options, either present in F<ackrc> files or on the command line.
+
+The default options for I<ack> ignore certain files and directories.  These
+include:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * Backup files: Files matching F<#*#> or ending with F<~>.
+
+=item * Coredumps: Files matching F<core.\d+>
+
+=item * Version control directories like F<.svn> and F<.git>.
+
+=back
+
+Run I<ack> with the C<--dump> option to see what settings are set.
+
+However, I<ack> always searches the files given on the command line,
+no matter what type.  If you tell I<ack> to search in a coredump,
+it will search in a coredump.
+
+=head1 DIRECTORY SELECTION
+
+I<ack> descends through the directory tree of the starting directories
+specified.  If no directories are specified, the current working directory is
+used.  However, it will ignore the shadow directories used by
+many version control systems, and the build directories used by the
+Perl MakeMaker system.  You may add or remove a directory from this
+list with the B<--[no]ignore-dir> option. The option may be repeated
+to add/remove multiple directories from the ignore list.
+
+For a complete list of directories that do not get searched, run
+C<ack --dump>.
+
+=head1 WHEN TO USE GREP
+
+I<ack> trumps I<grep> as an everyday tool 99% of the time, but don't
+throw I<grep> away, because there are times you'll still need it.
+
+E.g., searching through huge files looking for regexes that can be
+expressed with I<grep> syntax should be quicker with I<grep>.
+
+If your script or parent program uses I<grep> C<--quiet> or C<--silent>
+or needs exit 2 on IO error, use I<grep>.
+
+=head1 OPTIONS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item B<--ackrc>
+
+Specifies an ackrc file to load after all others; see L</"ACKRC LOCATION SEMANTICS">.
+
+=item B<-A I<NUM>>, B<--after-context=I<NUM>>
+
+Print I<NUM> lines of trailing context after matching lines.
+
+=item B<-B I<NUM>>, B<--before-context=I<NUM>>
+
+Print I<NUM> lines of leading context before matching lines.
+
+=item B<--[no]break>
+
+Print a break between results from different files. On by default
+when used interactively.
+
+=item B<-C [I<NUM>]>, B<--context[=I<NUM>]>
+
+Print I<NUM> lines (default 2) of context around matching lines.
+
+=item B<-c>, B<--count>
+
+Suppress normal output; instead print a count of matching lines for
+each input file.  If B<-l> is in effect, it will only show the
+number of lines for each file that has lines matching.  Without
+B<-l>, some line counts may be zeroes.
+
+If combined with B<-h> (B<--no-filename>) ack outputs only one total
+count.
+
+=item B<--[no]color>, B<--[no]colour>
+
+B<--color> highlights the matching text.  B<--nocolor> suppresses
+the color.  This is on by default unless the output is redirected.
+
+On Windows, this option is off by default unless the
+L<Win32::Console::ANSI> module is installed or the C<ACK_PAGER_COLOR>
+environment variable is used.
+
+=item B<--color-filename=I<color>>
+
+Sets the color to be used for filenames.
+
+=item B<--color-match=I<color>>
+
+Sets the color to be used for matches.
+
+=item B<--color-lineno=I<color>>
+
+Sets the color to be used for line numbers.
+
+=item B<--[no]column>
+
+Show the column number of the first match.  This is helpful for
+editors that can place your cursor at a given position.
+
+=item B<--create-ackrc>
+
+Dumps the default ack options to standard output.  This is useful for
+when you want to customize the defaults.
+
+=item B<--dump>
+
+Writes the list of options loaded and where they came from to standard
+output.  Handy for debugging.
+
+=item B<--[no]env>
+
+B<--noenv> disables all environment processing. No F<.ackrc> is
+read and all environment variables are ignored. By default, F<ack>
+considers F<.ackrc> and settings in the environment.
+
+=item B<--flush>
+
+B<--flush> flushes output immediately.  This is off by default
+unless ack is running interactively (when output goes to a pipe or
+file).
+
+=item B<-f>
+
+Only print the files that would be searched, without actually doing
+any searching.  PATTERN must not be specified, or it will be taken
+as a path to search.
+
+=item B<--files-from=I<FILE>>
+
+The list of files to be searched is specified in I<FILE>.  The list of
+files are separated by newlines.  If I<FILE> is C<->, the list is loaded
+from standard input.
+
+=item B<--[no]filter>
+
+Forces ack to act as if it were receiving input via a pipe.
+
+=item B<--[no]follow>
+
+Follow or don't follow symlinks, other than whatever starting files
+or directories were specified on the command line.
+
+This is off by default.
+
+=item B<-g I<PATTERN>>
+
+Print files where the relative path + filename matches I<PATTERN>.
+This option can be combined with B<--color> to make it easier to spot
+the match.
+
+=item B<--[no]group>
+
+B<--group> groups matches by file name.  This is the default
+when used interactively.
+
+B<--nogroup> prints one result per line, like grep.  This is the
+default when output is redirected.
+
+=item B<-H>, B<--with-filename>
+
+Print the filename for each match. This is the default unless searching
+a single explicitly specified file.
+
+=item B<-h>, B<--no-filename>
+
+Suppress the prefixing of filenames on output when multiple files are
+searched.
+
+=item B<--[no]heading>
+
+Print a filename heading above each file's results.  This is the default
+when used interactively.
+
+=item B<--help>, B<-?>
+
+Print a short help statement.
+
+=item B<--help-types>, B<--help=types>
+
+Print all known types.
+
+=item B<-i>, B<--ignore-case>
+
+Ignore case distinctions in PATTERN
+
+=item B<--ignore-ack-defaults>
+
+Tells ack to completely ignore the default definitions provided with ack.
+This is useful in combination with B<--create-ackrc> if you I<really> want
+to customize ack.
+
+=item B<--[no]ignore-dir=I<DIRNAME>>, B<--[no]ignore-directory=I<DIRNAME>>
+
+Ignore directory (as CVS, .svn, etc are ignored). May be used
+multiple times to ignore multiple directories. For example, mason
+users may wish to include B<--ignore-dir=data>. The B<--noignore-dir>
+option allows users to search directories which would normally be
+ignored (perhaps to research the contents of F<.svn/props> directories).
+
+The I<DIRNAME> must always be a simple directory name. Nested
+directories like F<foo/bar> are NOT supported. You would need to
+specify B<--ignore-dir=foo> and then no files from any foo directory
+are taken into account by ack unless given explicitly on the command
+line.
+
+=item B<--ignore-file=I<FILTERTYPE:FILTERARGS>>
+
+Ignore files matching I<FILTERTYPE:FILTERARGS>.  The filters are specified
+identically to file type filters as seen in L</"Defining your own types">.
+
+=item B<-k>, B<--known-types>
+
+Limit selected files to those with types that ack knows about.  This is
+equivalent to the default behavior found in ack 1.
+
+=item B<--lines=I<NUM>>
+
+Only print line I<NUM> of each file. Multiple lines can be given with multiple
+B<--lines> options or as a comma separated list (B<--lines=3,5,7>). B<--lines=4-7>
+also works. The lines are always output in ascending order, no matter the
+order given on the command line.
+
+=item B<-l>, B<--files-with-matches>
+
+Only print the filenames of matching files, instead of the matching text.
+
+=item B<-L>, B<--files-without-matches>
+
+Only print the filenames of files that do I<NOT> match.
+
+=item B<--match I<PATTERN>>
+
+Specify the I<PATTERN> explicitly. This is helpful if you don't want to put the
+regex as your first argument, e.g. when executing multiple searches over the
+same set of files.
+
+    # search for foo and bar in given files
+    ack file1 t/file* --match foo
+    ack file1 t/file* --match bar
+
+=item B<-m=I<NUM>>, B<--max-count=I<NUM>>
+
+Stop reading a file after I<NUM> matches.
+
+=item B<--man>
+
+Print this manual page.
+
+=item B<-n>, B<--no-recurse>
+
+No descending into subdirectories.
+
+=item B<-o>
+
+Show only the part of each line matching PATTERN (turns off text
+highlighting)
+
+=item B<--output=I<expr>>
+
+Output the evaluation of I<expr> for each line (turns off text
+highlighting)
+If PATTERN matches more than once then a line is output for each non-overlapping match.
+For more information please see the section L</"Examples of F<--output>">.
+
+=item B<--pager=I<program>>, B<--nopager>
+
+B<--pager> directs ack's output through I<program>.  This can also be specified
+via the C<ACK_PAGER> and C<ACK_PAGER_COLOR> environment variables.
+
+Using --pager does not suppress grouping and coloring like piping
+output on the command-line does.
+
+B<--nopager> cancels any setting in ~/.ackrc, C<ACK_PAGER> or C<ACK_PAGER_COLOR>.
+No output will be sent through a pager.
+
+=item B<--passthru>
+
+Prints all lines, whether or not they match the expression.  Highlighting
+will still work, though, so it can be used to highlight matches while
+still seeing the entire file, as in:
+
+    # Watch a log file, and highlight a certain IP address
+    $ tail -f ~/access.log | ack --passthru 123.45.67.89
+
+=item B<--print0>
+
+Only works in conjunction with -f, -g, -l or -c (filename output). The filenames
+are output separated with a null byte instead of the usual newline. This is
+helpful when dealing with filenames that contain whitespace, e.g.
+
+    # remove all files of type html
+    ack -f --html --print0 | xargs -0 rm -f
+
+=item B<-Q>, B<--literal>
+
+Quote all metacharacters in PATTERN, it is treated as a literal.
+
+=item B<-r>, B<-R>, B<--recurse>
+
+Recurse into sub-directories. This is the default and just here for
+compatibility with grep. You can also use it for turning B<--no-recurse> off.
+
+=item B<-s>
+
+Suppress error messages about nonexistent or unreadable files.  This is taken
+from fgrep.
+
+=item B<--[no]smart-case>, B<--no-smart-case>
+
+Ignore case in the search strings if PATTERN contains no uppercase
+characters. This is similar to C<smartcase> in vim. This option is
+off by default, and ignored if C<-i> is specified.
+
+B<-i> always overrides this option.
+
+=item B<--sort-files>
+
+Sorts the found files lexicographically.  Use this if you want your file
+listings to be deterministic between runs of I<ack>.
+
+=item B<--show-types>
+
+Outputs the filetypes that ack associates with each file.
+
+Works with B<-f> and B<-g> options.
+
+=item B<--type=[no]TYPE>
+
+Specify the types of files to include or exclude from a search.
+TYPE is a filetype, like I<perl> or I<xml>.  B<--type=perl> can
+also be specified as B<--perl>, and B<--type=noperl> can be done
+as B<--noperl>.
+
+If a file is of both type "foo" and "bar", specifying --foo and
+--nobar will exclude the file, because an exclusion takes precedence
+over an inclusion.
+
+Type specifications can be repeated and are ORed together.
+
+See I<ack --help=types> for a list of valid types.
+
+=item B<--type-add I<TYPE>:I<FILTER>:I<FILTERARGS>>
+
+Files with the given FILTERARGS applied to the given FILTER
+are recognized as being of (the existing) type TYPE.
+See also L</"Defining your own types">.
+
+
+=item B<--type-set I<TYPE>:I<FILTER>:I<FILTERARGS>>
+
+Files with the given FILTERARGS applied to the given FILTER are recognized as
+being of type TYPE. This replaces an existing definition for type TYPE.  See
+also L</"Defining your own types">.
+
+=item B<--type-del I<TYPE>>
+
+The filters associated with TYPE are removed from Ack, and are no longer considered
+for searches.
+
+=item B<-v>, B<--invert-match>
+
+Invert match: select non-matching lines
+
+=item B<--version>
+
+Display version and copyright information.
+
+=item B<-w>, B<--word-regexp>
+
+Force PATTERN to match only whole words.  The PATTERN is wrapped with
+C<\b> metacharacters.
+
+=item B<-x>
+
+An abbreviation for B<--files-from=->; the list of files to search are read
+from standard input, with one line per file.
+
+=item B<-1>
+
+Stops after reporting first match of any kind.  This is different
+from B<--max-count=1> or B<-m1>, where only one match per file is
+shown.  Also, B<-1> works with B<-f> and B<-g>, where B<-m> does
+not.
+
+=item B<--thpppt>
+
+Display the all-important Bill The Cat logo.  Note that the exact
+spelling of B<--thpppppt> is not important.  It's checked against
+a regular expression.
+
+=item B<--bar>
+
+Check with the admiral for traps.
+
+=item B<--cathy>
+
+Chocolate, Chocolate, Chocolate!
+
+=back
+
+=head1 THE .ackrc FILE
+
+The F<.ackrc> file contains command-line options that are prepended
+to the command line before processing.  Multiple options may live
+on multiple lines.  Lines beginning with a # are ignored.  A F<.ackrc>
+might look like this:
+
+    # Always sort the files
+    --sort-files
+
+    # Always color, even if piping to a another program
+    --color
+
+    # Use "less -r" as my pager
+    --pager=less -r
+
+Note that arguments with spaces in them do not need to be quoted,
+as they are not interpreted by the shell. Basically, each I<line>
+in the F<.ackrc> file is interpreted as one element of C<@ARGV>.
+
+F<ack> looks in several locations for F<.ackrc> files; the searching
+process is detailed in L</"ACKRC LOCATION SEMANTICS">.  These
+files are not considered if B<--noenv> is specified on the command line.
+
+=head1 Defining your own types
+
+ack allows you to define your own types in addition to the predefined
+types. This is done with command line options that are best put into
+an F<.ackrc> file - then you do not have to define your types over and
+over again. In the following examples the options will always be shown
+on one command line so that they can be easily copy & pasted.
+
+I<ack --perl foo> searches for foo in all perl files. I<ack --help=types>
+tells you, that perl files are files ending
+in .pl, .pm, .pod or .t. So what if you would like to include .xs
+files as well when searching for --perl files? I<ack --type-add perl:ext:xs --perl foo>
+does this for you. B<--type-add> appends
+additional extensions to an existing type.
+
+If you want to define a new type, or completely redefine an existing
+type, then use B<--type-set>. I<ack --type-set eiffel:ext:e,eiffel> defines
+the type I<eiffel> to include files with
+the extensions .e or .eiffel. So to search for all eiffel files
+containing the word Bertrand use I<ack --type-set eiffel:ext:e,eiffel --eiffel Bertrand>.
+As usual, you can also write B<--type=eiffel>
+instead of B<--eiffel>. Negation also works, so B<--noeiffel> excludes
+all eiffel files from a search. Redefining also works: I<ack --type-set cc:ext:c,h>
+and I<.xs> files no longer belong to the type I<cc>.
+
+When defining your own types in the F<.ackrc> file you have to use
+the following:
+
+  --type-set=eiffel:ext:e,eiffel
+
+or writing on separate lines
+
+  --type-set
+  eiffel:ext:e,eiffel
+
+The following does B<NOT> work in the F<.ackrc> file:
+
+  --type-set eiffel:ext:e,eiffel
+
+
+In order to see all currently defined types, use I<--help-types>, e.g.
+I<ack --type-set backup:ext:bak --type-add perl:ext:perl --help-types>
+
+In addition to filtering based on extension (like ack 1.x allowed), ack 2
+offers additional filter types.  The generic syntax is
+I<--type-set TYPE:FILTER:FILTERARGS>; I<FILTERARGS> depends on the value
+of I<FILTER>.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item is:I<FILENAME>
+
+I<is> filters match the target filename exactly.  It takes exactly one
+argument, which is the name of the file to match.
+
+Example:
+
+    --type-set make:is:Makefile
+
+=item ext:I<EXTENSION>[,I<EXTENSION2>[,...]]
+
+I<ext> filters match the extension of the target file against a list
+of extensions.  No leading dot is needed for the extensions.
+
+Example:
+
+    --type-set perl:ext:pl,pm,t
+
+=item match:I<PATTERN>
+
+I<match> filters match the target filename against a regular expression.
+The regular expression is made case insensitive for the search.
+
+Example:
+
+    --type-set make:match:/(gnu)?makefile/
+
+=item firstlinematch:I<PATTERN>
+
+I<firstlinematch> matches the first line of the target file against a
+regular expression.  Like I<match>, the regular expression is made
+case insensitive.
+
+Example:
+
+    --type-add perl:firstlinematch:/perl/
+
+=back
+
+More filter types may be made available in the future.
+
+=head1 ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
+
+For commonly-used ack options, environment variables can make life
+much easier.  These variables are ignored if B<--noenv> is specified
+on the command line.
+
+=over 4
+
+=item ACKRC
+
+Specifies the location of the user's F<.ackrc> file.  If this file doesn't
+exist, F<ack> looks in the default location.
+
+=item ACK_OPTIONS
+
+This variable specifies default options to be placed in front of
+any explicit options on the command line.
+
+=item ACK_COLOR_FILENAME
+
+Specifies the color of the filename when it's printed in B<--group>
+mode.  By default, it's "bold green".
+
+The recognized attributes are clear, reset, dark, bold, underline,
+underscore, blink, reverse, concealed black, red, green, yellow,
+blue, magenta, on_black, on_red, on_green, on_yellow, on_blue,
+on_magenta, on_cyan, and on_white.  Case is not significant.
+Underline and underscore are equivalent, as are clear and reset.
+The color alone sets the foreground color, and on_color sets the
+background color.
+
+This option can also be set with B<--color-filename>.
+
+=item ACK_COLOR_MATCH
+
+Specifies the color of the matching text when printed in B<--color>
+mode.  By default, it's "black on_yellow".
+
+This option can also be set with B<--color-match>.
+
+See B<ACK_COLOR_FILENAME> for the color specifications.
+
+=item ACK_COLOR_LINENO
+
+Specifies the color of the line number when printed in B<--color>
+mode.  By default, it's "bold yellow".
+
+This option can also be set with B<--color-lineno>.
+
+See B<ACK_COLOR_FILENAME> for the color specifications.
+
+=item ACK_PAGER
+
+Specifies a pager program, such as C<more>, C<less> or C<most>, to which
+ack will send its output.
+
+Using C<ACK_PAGER> does not suppress grouping and coloring like
+piping output on the command-line does, except that on Windows
+ack will assume that C<ACK_PAGER> does not support color.
+
+C<ACK_PAGER_COLOR> overrides C<ACK_PAGER> if both are specified.
+
+=item ACK_PAGER_COLOR
+
+Specifies a pager program that understands ANSI color sequences.
+Using C<ACK_PAGER_COLOR> does not suppress grouping and coloring
+like piping output on the command-line does.
+
+If you are not on Windows, you never need to use C<ACK_PAGER_COLOR>.
+
+=back
+
+=head1 AVAILABLE COLORS
+
+F<ack> uses the colors available in Perl's L<Term::ANSIColor> module, which
+provides the following listed values. Note that case does not matter when using
+these values.
+
+=head2 Foreground colors
+
+    black  red  green  yellow  blue  magenta  cyan  white
+
+    bright_black  bright_red      bright_green  bright_yellow
+    bright_blue   bright_magenta  bright_cyan   bright_white
+
+=head2 Background colors
+
+    on_black  on_red      on_green  on_yellow
+    on_blue   on_magenta  on_cyan   on_white
+
+    on_bright_black  on_bright_red      on_bright_green  on_bright_yellow
+    on_bright_blue   on_bright_magenta  on_bright_cyan   on_bright_white
+
+=head1 ACK & OTHER TOOLS
+
+=head2 Vim integration
+
+F<ack> integrates easily with the Vim text editor. Set this in your
+F<.vimrc> to use F<ack> instead of F<grep>:
+
+    set grepprg=ack\ -k
+
+That example uses C<-k> to search through only files of the types ack
+knows about, but you may use other default flags. Now you can search
+with F<ack> and easily step through the results in Vim:
+
+  :grep Dumper perllib
+
+Miles Sterrett has written a Vim plugin for F<ack> which allows you to use
+C<:Ack> instead of C<:grep>, as well as several other advanced features.
+
+L<https://github.com/mileszs/ack.vim>
+
+=head2 Emacs integration
+
+Phil Jackson put together an F<ack.el> extension that "provides a
+simple compilation mode ... has the ability to guess what files you
+want to search for based on the major-mode."
+
+L<http://www.shellarchive.co.uk/content/emacs.html>
+
+=head2 TextMate integration
+
+Pedro Melo is a TextMate user who writes "I spend my day mostly
+inside TextMate, and the built-in find-in-project sucks with large
+projects.  So I hacked a TextMate command that was using find +
+grep to use ack.  The result is the Search in Project with ack, and
+you can find it here:
+L<http://www.simplicidade.org/notes/archives/2008/03/search_in_proje.html>"
+
+=head2 Shell and Return Code
+
+For greater compatibility with I<grep>, I<ack> in normal use returns
+shell return or exit code of 0 only if something is found and 1 if
+no match is found.
+
+(Shell exit code 1 is C<$?=256> in perl with C<system> or backticks.)
+
+The I<grep> code 2 for errors is not used.
+
+If C<-f> or C<-g> are specified, then 0 is returned if at least one
+file is found.  If no files are found, then 1 is returned.
+
+=cut
+
+=head1 DEBUGGING ACK PROBLEMS
+
+If ack gives you output you're not expecting, start with a few simple steps.
+
+=head2 Use B<--noenv>
+
+Your environment variables and F<.ackrc> may be doing things you're
+not expecting, or forgotten you specified.  Use B<--noenv> to ignore
+your environment and F<.ackrc>.
+
+=head2 Use B<-f> to see what files have been selected
+
+Ack's B<-f> was originally added as a debugging tool.  If ack is
+not finding matches you think it should find, run F<ack -f> to see
+what files have been selected.  You can also add the C<--show-types>
+options to show the type of each file selected.
+
+=head2 Use B<--dump>
+
+This lists the ackrc files that are loaded and the options loaded
+from them.
+So for example you can find a list of directories that do not get searched or where filetypes are defined.
+
+=head1 TIPS
+
+=head2 Use the F<.ackrc> file.
+
+The F<.ackrc> is the place to put all your options you use most of
+the time but don't want to remember.  Put all your --type-add and
+--type-set definitions in it.  If you like --smart-case, set it
+there, too.  I also set --sort-files there.
+
+=head2 Use F<-f> for working with big codesets
+
+Ack does more than search files.  C<ack -f --perl> will create a
+list of all the Perl files in a tree, ideal for sending into F<xargs>.
+For example:
+
+    # Change all "this" to "that" in all Perl files in a tree.
+    ack -f --perl | xargs perl -p -i -e's/this/that/g'
+
+or if you prefer:
+
+    perl -p -i -e's/this/that/g' $(ack -f --perl)
+
+=head2 Use F<-Q> when in doubt about metacharacters
+
+If you're searching for something with a regular expression
+metacharacter, most often a period in a filename or IP address, add
+the -Q to avoid false positives without all the backslashing.  See
+the following example for more...
+
+=head2 Use ack to watch log files
+
+Here's one I used the other day to find trouble spots for a website
+visitor.  The user had a problem loading F<troublesome.gif>, so I
+took the access log and scanned it with ack twice.
+
+    ack -Q aa.bb.cc.dd /path/to/access.log | ack -Q -B5 troublesome.gif
+
+The first ack finds only the lines in the Apache log for the given
+IP.  The second finds the match on my troublesome GIF, and shows
+the previous five lines from the log in each case.
+
+=head2 Examples of F<--output>
+
+Following variables are useful in the expansion string:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item C<$&>
+
+The whole string matched by PATTERN.
+
+=item C<$1>, C<$2>, ...
+
+The contents of the 1st, 2nd ... bracketed group in PATTERN.
+
+=item C<$`>
+
+The string before the match.
+
+=item C<$'>
+
+The string after the match.
+
+=back
+
+For more details and other variables see
+L<http://perldoc.perl.org/perlvar.html#Variables-related-to-regular-expressions|perlvar>.
+
+This example shows how to add text around a particular pattern
+(in this case adding _ around word with "e")
+
+    ack2.pl "\w*e\w*" quick.txt --output="$`_$&_$'"
+    _The_ quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
+    The quick brown fox jumps _over_ the lazy dog
+    The quick brown fox jumps over _the_ lazy dog
+
+This shows how to pick out particular parts of a match using ( ) within regular expression.
+
+  ack '=head(\d+)\s+(.*)' --output=' $1 : $2'
+  input file contains "=head1 NAME"
+  output  "1 : NAME"
+
+=head2 Share your knowledge
+
+Join the ack-users mailing list.  Send me your tips and I may add
+them here.
+
+=head1 FAQ
+
+=head2 Why isn't ack finding a match in (some file)?
+
+Probably because it's of a type that ack doesn't recognize.  ack's
+searching behavior is driven by filetype.  B<If ack doesn't know
+what kind of file it is, ack ignores the file.>
+
+Use the C<-f> switch to see a list of files that ack will search
+for you.  You can use the C<--show-types> switch to show which type
+ack thinks each file is.
+
+=head2 Wouldn't it be great if F<ack> did search & replace?
+
+No, ack will always be read-only.  Perl has a perfectly good way
+to do search & replace in files, using the C<-i>, C<-p> and C<-n>
+switches.
+
+You can certainly use ack to select your files to update.  For
+example, to change all "foo" to "bar" in all PHP files, you can do
+this from the Unix shell:
+
+    $ perl -i -p -e's/foo/bar/g' $(ack -f --php)
+
+=head2 Can I make ack recognize F<.xyz> files?
+
+Yes!  Please see L</"Defining your own types">.  If you think
+that F<ack> should recognize a type by default, please see
+L</"ENHANCEMENTS">.
+
+=head2 There's already a program/package called ack.
+
+Yes, I know.
+
+=head2 Why is it called ack if it's called ack-grep?
+
+The name of the program is "ack".  Some packagers have called it
+"ack-grep" when creating packages because there's already a package
+out there called "ack" that has nothing to do with this ack.
+
+I suggest you make a symlink named F<ack> that points to F<ack-grep>
+because one of the crucial benefits of ack is having a name that's
+so short and simple to type.
+
+To do that, run this with F<sudo> or as root:
+
+   ln -s /usr/bin/ack-grep /usr/bin/ack
+
+Alternatively, you could use a shell alias:
+
+    # bash/zsh
+    alias ack=ack-grep
+
+    # csh
+    alias ack ack-grep
+
+=head2 What does F<ack> mean?
+
+Nothing.  I wanted a name that was easy to type and that you could
+pronounce as a single syllable.
+
+=head2 Can I do multi-line regexes?
+
+No, ack does not support regexes that match multiple lines.  Doing
+so would require reading in the entire file at a time.
+
+If you want to see lines near your match, use the C<--A>, C<--B>
+and C<--C> switches for displaying context.
+
+=head2 Why is ack telling me I have an invalid option when searching for C<+foo>?
+
+ack treats command line options beginning with C<+> or C<-> as options; if you
+would like to search for these, you may prefix your search term with C<--> or
+use the C<--match> option.  (However, don't forget that C<+> is a regular
+expression metacharacter!)
+
+=head2 Why does C<"ack '.{40000,}'"> fail?  Isn't that a valid regex?
+
+The Perl language limits the repetition quanitifier to 32K.  You
+can search for C<.{32767}> but not C<.{32768}>.
+
+=head1 ACKRC LOCATION SEMANTICS
+
+Ack can load its configuration from many sources.  This list
+specifies the sources Ack looks for configuration; each one
+that is found is loaded in the order specified here, and
+each one overrides options set in any of the sources preceding
+it.  (For example, if I set --sort-files in my user ackrc, and
+--nosort-files on the command line, the command line takes
+precedence)
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+Defaults are loaded from App::Ack::ConfigDefaults.  This can be omitted
+using C<--ignore-ack-defaults>.
+
+=item * Global ackrc
+
+Options are then loaded from the global ackrc.  This is located at
+C</etc/ackrc> on Unix-like systems.
+
+Under Windows XP and earlier, the ackrc is at
+C<C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\ackrc>.
+
+Under Windows Vista/7, the global ackrc is at
+C<C:\ProgramData>
+
+The C<--noenv> option prevents all ackrc files from being loaded.
+
+=item * User ackrc
+
+Options are then loaded from the user's ackrc.  This is located at
+C<$HOME/.ackrc> on Unix-like systems.
+
+Under Windows XP and earlier, the user's ackrc is at
+C<C:\Documents and Settings\$USER\Application Data\ackrc>.
+
+Under Windows Vista/7, the user's ackrc is at
+<C:\Users\$USER\AppData\Roaming>.
+
+If you want to load a different user-level ackrc, it may be specified
+with the C<$ACKRC> environment variable.
+
+The C<--noenv> option prevents all ackrc files from being loaded.
+
+=item * Project ackrc
+
+Options are then loaded from the project ackrc.  The project ackrc is
+the first ackrc file with the name C<.ackrc> or C<_ackrc>, first searching
+in the current directory, then the parent directory, then the grandparent
+directory, etc.  This can be omitted using C<--noenv>.
+
+=item * --ackrc
+
+The C<--ackrc> option may be included on the command line to specify an
+ackrc file that can override all others.  It is consulted even if C<--noenv>
+is present.
+
+=item * ACK_OPTIONS
+
+Options are then loaded from the environment variable C<ACK_OPTIONS>.  This can
+be omitted using C<--noenv>.
+
+=item * Command line
+
+Options are then loaded from the command line.
+
+=back
+
+=head1 DIFFERENCES BETWEEN ACK 1.X AND ACK 2.X
+
+A lot of changes were made for ack 2; here is a list of them.
+
+=head2 GENERAL CHANGES
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+When no selectors are specified, ack 1.x only searches through files that
+it can map to a file type.  ack 2.x, by contrast, will search through
+every regular, non-binary file that is not explicitly ignored via
+B<--ignore-file> or B<--ignore-dir>.  This is similar to the behavior of the
+B<-a/--all> option in ack 1.x.
+
+=item *
+
+A more flexible filter system has been added, so that more powerful file types
+may be created by the user.  For details, please consult
+L</"Defining your own types">.
+
+=item *
+
+ack now loads multiple ackrc files; see L</"ACKRC LOCATION SEMANTICS"> for
+details.
+
+=item *
+
+ack's default filter definitions aren't special; you may tell ack to
+completely disregard them if you don't like them.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 REMOVED OPTIONS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+Because of the change in default search behavior, the B<-a/--all> and
+B<-u/--unrestricted> options have been removed.  In addition, the
+B<-k/--known-types> option was added to cause ack to behave with
+the default search behavior of ack 1.x.
+
+=item *
+
+The B<-G> option has been removed.  Two regular expressions on the
+command line was considered too confusing; to simulate B<-G>'s functionality,
+you may use the new B<-x> option to pipe filenames from one invocation of
+ack into another.
+
+=item *
+
+The B<--binary> option has been removed.
+
+=item *
+
+The B<--skipped> option has been removed.
+
+=item *
+
+The B<--text> option has been removed.
+
+=item *
+
+The B<--invert-file-match> option has been removed.  Instead, you may
+use B<-v> with B<-g>.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 CHANGED OPTIONS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+The options that modify the regular expression's behavior (B<-i>, B<-w>,
+B<-Q>, and B<-v>) may now be used with B<-g>.
+
+=back
+
+=head2 ADDED OPTIONS
+
+=over 4
+
+=item *
+
+B<--files-from> was added so that a user may submit a list of filenames as
+a list of files to search.
+
+=item *
+
+B<-x> was added to tell ack to accept a list of filenames via standard input;
+this list is the list of filenames that will be used for the search.
+
+=item *
+
+B<-s> was added to tell ack to suppress error messages about non-existent or
+unreadable files.
+
+=item *
+
+B<--ignore-directory> and B<--noignore-directory> were added as aliases for
+B<--ignore-dir> and B<--noignore-dir> respectively.
+
+=item *
+
+B<--ignore-file> was added so that users may specify patterns of files to
+ignore (ex. /.*~$/).
+
+=item *
+
+B<--dump> was added to allow users to easily find out which options are
+set where.
+
+=item *
+
+B<--create-ackrc> was added so that users may create custom ackrc files based
+on the default settings loaded by ack, and so that users may easily view those
+defaults.
+
+=item *
+
+B<--type-del> was added to selectively remove file type definitions.
+
+=item *
+
+B<--ignore-ack-defaults> was added so that users may ignore ack's default
+options in favor of their own.
+
+=item *
+
+B<--bar> was added so ack users may consult Admiral Ackbar.
+
+=back
+
+=head1 AUTHOR
+
+Andy Lester, C<< <andy at petdance.com> >>
+
+=head1 BUGS
+
+Please report any bugs or feature requests to the issues list at
+Github: L<https://github.com/petdance/ack2/issues>
+
+=head1 ENHANCEMENTS
+
+All enhancement requests MUST first be posted to the ack-users
+mailing list at L<http://groups.google.com/group/ack-users>.  I
+will not consider a request without it first getting seen by other
+ack users.  This includes requests for new filetypes.
+
+There is a list of enhancements I want to make to F<ack> in the ack
+issues list at Github: L<https://github.com/petdance/ack2/issues>
+
+Patches are always welcome, but patches with tests get the most
+attention.
+
+=head1 SUPPORT
+
+Support for and information about F<ack> can be found at:
+
+=over 4
+
+=item * The ack homepage
+
+L<http://beyondgrep.com/>
+
+=item * The ack-users mailing list
+
+L<http://groups.google.com/group/ack-users>
+
+=item * The ack issues list at Github
+
+L<https://github.com/petdance/ack2/issues>
+
+=item * AnnoCPAN: Annotated CPAN documentation
+
+L<http://annocpan.org/dist/ack>
+
+=item * CPAN Ratings
+
+L<http://cpanratings.perl.org/d/ack>
+
+=item * Search CPAN
+
+L<http://search.cpan.org/dist/ack>
+
+=item * Git source repository
+
+L<https://github.com/petdance/ack2>
+
+=back
+
+=head1 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
+
+How appropriate to have I<ack>nowledgements!
+
+Thanks to everyone who has contributed to ack in any way, including
+Stephen Thirlwall,
+Jonah Bishop,
+Chris Rebert,
+Denis Howe,
+RaE<uacute>l GundE<iacute>n,
+James McCoy,
+Daniel Perrett,
+Steven Lee,
+Jonathan Perret,
+Fraser Tweedale,
+RaE<aacute>l GundE<aacute>n,
+Steffen Jaeckel,
+Stephan Hohe,
+Michael Beijen,
+Alexandr Ciornii,
+Christian Walde,
+Charles Lee,
+Joe McMahon,
+John Warwick,
+David Steinbrunner,
+Kara Martens,
+Volodymyr Medvid,
+Ron Savage,
+Konrad Borowski,
+Dale Sedivic,
+Michael McClimon,
+Andrew Black,
+Ralph Bodenner,
+Shaun Patterson,
+Ryan Olson,
+Shlomi Fish,
+Karen Etheridge,
+Olivier Mengue,
+Matthew Wild,
+Scott Kyle,
+Nick Hooey,
+Bo Borgerson,
+Mark Szymanski,
+Marq Schneider,
+Packy Anderson,
+JR Boyens,
+Dan Sully,
+Ryan Niebur,
+Kent Fredric,
+Mike Morearty,
+Ingmar Vanhassel,
+Eric Van Dewoestine,
+Sitaram Chamarty,
+Adam James,
+Richard Carlsson,
+Pedro Melo,
+AJ Schuster,
+Phil Jackson,
+Michael Schwern,
+Jan Dubois,
+Christopher J. Madsen,
+Matthew Wickline,
+David Dyck,
+Jason Porritt,
+Jjgod Jiang,
+Thomas Klausner,
+Uri Guttman,
+Peter Lewis,
+Kevin Riggle,
+Ori Avtalion,
+Torsten Blix,
+Nigel Metheringham,
+GE<aacute>bor SzabE<oacute>,
+Tod Hagan,
+Michael Hendricks,
+E<AElig>var ArnfjE<ouml>rE<eth> Bjarmason,
+Piers Cawley,
+Stephen Steneker,
+Elias Lutfallah,
+Mark Leighton Fisher,
+Matt Diephouse,
+Christian Jaeger,
+Bill Sully,
+Bill Ricker,
+David Golden,
+Nilson Santos F. Jr,
+Elliot Shank,
+Merijn Broeren,
+Uwe Voelker,
+Rick Scott,
+Ask BjE<oslash>rn Hansen,
+Jerry Gay,
+Will Coleda,
+Mike O'Regan,
+Slaven ReziE<0x107>,
+Mark Stosberg,
+David Alan Pisoni,
+Adriano Ferreira,
+James Keenan,
+Leland Johnson,
+Ricardo Signes,
+Pete Krawczyk and
+Rob Hoelz.
+
+=head1 COPYRIGHT & LICENSE
+
+Copyright 2005-2014 Andy Lester.
+
+This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the Artistic License v2.0.
+
+See http://www.perlfoundation.org/artistic_license_2_0 or the LICENSE.md
+file that comes with the ack distribution.
+
+=cut
+package App::Ack;
+
+use warnings;
+use strict;
+
+
+our $VERSION;
+our $COPYRIGHT;
+BEGIN {
+    $VERSION = '2.14';
+    $COPYRIGHT = 'Copyright 2005-2014 Andy Lester.';
+}
+
+our $fh;
+
+BEGIN {
+    $fh = *STDOUT;
+}
+
+
+our %types;
+our %type_wanted;
+our %mappings;
+our %ignore_dirs;
+
+our $is_filter_mode;
+our $output_to_pipe;
+
+our $dir_sep_chars;
+our $is_cygwin;
+our $is_windows;
+
+use File::Spec 1.00015 ();
+
+BEGIN {
+    # These have to be checked before any filehandle diddling.
+    $output_to_pipe  = not -t *STDOUT;
+    $is_filter_mode = -p STDIN;
+
+    $is_cygwin       = ($^O eq 'cygwin');
+    $is_windows      = ($^O eq 'MSWin32');
+    $dir_sep_chars   = $is_windows ? quotemeta( '\\/' ) : quotemeta( File::Spec->catfile( '', '' ) );
+}
+
+
+
+sub remove_dir_sep {
+    my $path = shift;
+    $path =~ s/[$dir_sep_chars]$//;
+
+    return $path;
+}
+
+
+
+sub warn {
+    return CORE::warn( _my_program(), ': ', @_, "\n" );
+}
+
+
+sub die {
+    return CORE::die( _my_program(), ': ', @_, "\n" );
+}
+
+sub _my_program {
+    require File::Basename;
+    return File::Basename::basename( $0 );
+}
+
+
+
+sub filetypes_supported {
+    return keys %mappings;
+}
+
+sub _get_thpppt {
+    my $y = q{_   /|,\\'!.x',=(www)=,   U   };
+    $y =~ tr/,x!w/\nOo_/;
+    return $y;
+}
+
+sub _thpppt {
+    my $y = _get_thpppt();
+    App::Ack::print( "$y ack $_[0]!\n" );
+    exit 0;
+}
+
+sub _bar {
+    my $x;
+    $x = <<'_BAR';
+ 6?!I'7!I"?%+!
+ 3~!I#7#I"7#I!?!+!="+"="+!:!
+ 2?#I!7!I!?#I!7!I"+"=%+"=#
+ 1?"+!?*+!=#~"=!+#?"="+!
+ 0?"+!?"I"?&+!="~!=!~"=!+%="+"
+ /I!+!?)+!?!+!=$~!=!~!="+!="+"?!="?!
+ .?%I"?%+%='?!=#~$="
+ ,,!?%I"?(+$=$~!=#:"~$:!~!
+ ,I!?!I!?"I"?!+#?"+!?!+#="~$:!~!:!~!:!,!:!,":#~!
+ +I!?&+!="+!?#+$=!~":!~!:!~!:!,!:#,!:!,%:"
+ *+!I!?!+$=!+!=!+!?$+#=!~":!~":#,$:",#:!,!:!
+ *I!?"+!?!+!=$+!?#+#=#~":$,!:",!:!,&:"
+ )I!?$=!~!=#+"?!+!=!+!=!~!="~!:!~":!,'.!,%:!~!
+ (=!?"+!?!=!~$?"+!?!+!=#~"=",!="~$,$.",#.!:!=!
+ (I"+"="~"=!+&=!~"=!~!,!~!+!=!?!+!?!=!I!?!+"=!.",!.!,":!
+ %I$?!+!?!=%+!~!+#~!=!~#:#=!~!+!~!=#:!,%.!,!.!:"
+ $I!?!=!?!I!+!?"+!=!~!=!~!?!I!?!=!+!=!~#:",!~"=!~!:"~!=!:",&:" '-/
+ $?!+!I!?"+"=!+"~!,!:"+#~#:#,"=!~"=!,!~!,!.",!:".!:! */! !I!t!'!s! !a! !g!r!e!p!!! !/!
+ $+"=!+!?!+"~!=!:!~!:"I!+!,!~!=!:!~!,!:!,$:!~".&:"~!,# (-/
+ %~!=!~!=!:!.!+"~!:!,!.!,!~!=!:$.!,":!,!.!:!~!,!:!=!.#="~!,!:" ./!
+ %=!~!?!+"?"+!=!~",!.!:!?!~!.!:!,!:!,#.!,!:","~!:!=!~!=!:",!~! ./!
+ %+"~":!~!=#~!:!~!,!.!~!:",!~!=!~!.!:!,!.",!:!,":!=":!.!,!:!7! -/!
+ %~",!:".#:!=!:!,!:"+!:!~!:!.!,!~!,!.#,!.!,$:"~!,":"~!=! */!
+ &=!~!=#+!=!~",!.!:",#:#,!.",+:!,!.",!=!+!?!
+ &~!=!~!=!~!:"~#:",!.!,#~!:!.!+!,!.",$.",$.#,!+!I!?!
+ &~!="~!:!~":!~",!~!=!~":!,!:!~!,!:!,&.$,#."+!?!I!?!I!
+ &~!=!~!=!+!,!:!~!:!=!,!:!~&:$,!.!,".!,".!,#."~!+!?$I!
+ &~!=!~!="~!=!:!~":!,!~%:#,!:",!.!,#.",#I!7"I!?!+!?"I"
+ &+!I!7!:#~"=!~!:!,!:"~$.!=!.!,!~!,$.#,!~!7!I#?!+!?"I"7!
+ %7#?!+!~!:!=!~!=!~":!,!:"~":#.!,)7#I"?"I!7&
+ %7#I!=":!=!~!:"~$:"~!:#,!:!,!:!~!:#,!7#I!?#7)
+ $7$+!,!~!=#~!:!~!:!~$:#,!.!~!:!=!,":!7#I"?#7+=!?!
+ $7#I!~!,!~#=!~!:"~!:!,!:!,#:!=!~",":!7$I!?#I!7*+!=!+"
+ "I!7$I!,":!,!.!=":$,!:!,$:$7$I!+!?"I!7+?"I!7!I!7!,!
+ !,!7%I!:",!."~":!,&.!,!:!~!I!7$I!+!?"I!7,?!I!7',!
+ !7(,!.#~":!,%.!,!7%I!7!?#I"7,+!?!7*
+7+:!,!~#,"=!7'I!?#I"7/+!7+
+77I!+!7!?!7!I"71+!7,
+_BAR
+
+    return App::Ack::__pic($x);
+}
+
+sub _cathy {
+    my $x = <<'CATHY';
+ 0+!--+!
+ 0|! "C!H!O!C!O!L!A!T!E!!! !|!
+ 0|! "C!H!O!C!O!L!A!T!E!!! !|!
+ 0|! "C!H!O!C!O!L!A!T!E!!! !|!
+ 0|! $A"C!K!!! $|!
+ 0+!--+!
+ 6\! 1:!,!.! !
+ 7\! /.!M!~!Z!M!~!
+ 8\! /~!D! "M! !
+ 4.! $\! /M!~!.!8! +.!M# 4
+ 0,!.! (\! .~!M!N! ,+!I!.!M!.! 3
+ /?!O!.!M!:! '\! .O!.! +~!Z!=!N!.! 4
+ ..! !D!Z!.!Z!.! '\! 9=!M".! 6
+ /.! !.!~!M".! '\! 8~! 9
+ 4M!.! /.!7!N!M!.! F
+ 4.! &:!M! !N"M# !M"N!M! #D!M&=! =
+ :M!7!M#:! !~!M!7!,!$!M!:! #.! !O!N!.!M!:!M# ;
+ 8Z!M"~!N!$!D!.!N!?! !I!N!.! (?!M! !M!,!D!M".! 9
+ (?!Z!M!N!:! )=!M!O!8!.!M!+!M! !M!,! !O!M! +,!M!.!M!~!Z!N!M!:! &:!~! 0
+ &8!7!.!~!M"D!M!,! &M!?!=!8! !M!,!O! !M!+! !+!O!.!M! $M#~! !.!8!M!Z!.!M! !O!M"Z! %:!~!M!Z!M!Z!.! +
+ &:!M!7!,! *M!.!Z!M! !8"M!.!M!~! !.!M!.!=! #~!8!.!M! !7!M! "N!Z#I! !D!M!,!M!.! $."M!,! !M!.! *
+ 2$!O! "N! !.!M!I! !7" "M! "+!O! !~!M! !d!O!.!7!I!M!.! !.!O!=!M!.! !M",!M!.! %.!$!O!D! +
+ 1~!O! "M!+! !8!$! "M! "?!O! %Z!8!D!M!?!8!I!O!7!M! #M!.!M! "M",!M! 4
+ 07!~! ".!8! !.!M! "I!+! !.!M! &Z!D!.!7!=!M! !:!.!M! #:!8"+! !.!+!8! !8! 3
+ /~!M! #N! !~!M!$! !.!M! !.!M" &~!M! "~!M!O! "D! $M! !8! "M!,!M!+!D!.! 1
+ #.! #?!M!N!.! #~!O! $M!.!7!$! "?" !?!~!M! '7!8!?!M!.!+!M"O! $?"$!D! !.!O! !$!7!I!.! 0
+ $,!M!:!O!?! ".! !?!=! $=!:!O! !M! "M! !M! !+!$! (.! +.!M! !M!.! !8! !+"Z!~! $:!M!$! !.! '
+ #.!8!.!I!$! $7!I! %M" !=!M! !~!M!D! "7!I! .I!O! %?!=!,!D! !,!M! !D!~!8!~! %D!M! (
+ #.!M"?! $=!O! %=!N! "8!.! !Z!M! #M!~! (M!:! #.!M" &O! !M!.! !?!,! !8!.!N!~! $8!N!M!,!.! %
+ *$!O! &M!,! "O! !.!M!.! #M! (~!M( &O!.! !7! "M! !.!M!.!M!,! #.!M! !M! &
+ )=!8!.! $.!M!O!.! "$!.!I!N! !I!M# (7!M(I! %D"Z!M! "=!I! "M! !M!:! #~!D! '
+ )D! &8!N!:! ".!O! !M!="M! "M! (7!M) %." !M!D!."M!.! !$!=! !M!,! +
+ (M! &+!.!M! #Z!7!O!M!.!~!8! +,!M#D!?!M#D! #.!Z!M#,!Z!?! !~!N! "N!.! !M! +
+ 'D!:! %$!D! !?! #M!Z! !8!.! !M"?!7!?!7! '+!I!D! !?!O!:!M!:! ":!M!:! !M!7".!M! "8!+! !:!D! !.!M! *
+ %.!O!:! $.!O!+! !D!.! #M! "M!.!+!N!I!Z! "7!M!N!M!N!?!I!7!Z!=!M'D"~! #M!.!8!$! !:! !.!M! "N!?! !,!O! )
+ !.!?!M!:!M!I! %8!,! "M!.! #M! "N! !M!.! !M!.! !+!~! !.!M!.! ':!M! $M! $M!Z!$! !M!.! "D! "M! "?!M! (
+ !7!8! !+!I! ".! "$!=! ":!$! "+! !M!.! !O! !M!I!M".! !=!~! ",!O! '=!M! $$!,! #N!:! ":!8!.! !D!~! !,!M!.! !:!M!.! &
+ !:!,!.! &Z" #D! !.!8!."M!.! !8!?!Z!M!.!M! #Z!~! !?!M!Z!.! %~!O!.!8!$!N!8!O!I!:!~! !+! #M!.! !.!M!.! !+!M! ".!~!M!+! $
+ !.! 'D!I! #?!M!.!M!,! !.!Z! !.!8! #M&O!I!?! (~!I!M"." !M!Z!.! !M!N!.! "+!$!.! "M!.! !M!?!.! "8!M! $
+ (O!8! $M! !M!.! ".!:! !+!=! #M! #.!M! !+" *$!M":!.! !M!~! "M!7! #M! #7!Z! "M"$!M!.! !.! #
+ '$!Z! #.!7!+!M! $.!,! !+!:! #N! #.!M!.!+!M! +D!M! #=!N! ":!O! #=!M! #Z!D! $M!I! %
+ $,! ".! $.!M" %$!.! !?!~! "+!7!." !.!M!,! !M! *,!N!M!.$M!?! "D!,! #M!.! #N! +
+ ,M!Z! &M! "I!,! "M! %I!M! !?!=!.! (Z!8!M! $:!M!.! !,!M! $D! #.!M!.! )
+ +8!O! &.!8! "I!,! !~!M! &N!M! !M!D! '?!N!O!." $?!7! "?!~! #M!.! #I!D!.! (
+ 3M!,! "N!.! !D" &.!+!M!.! !M":!.":!M!7!M!D! 'M!.! "M!.! "M!,! $I! )
+ 3I! #M! "M!,! !:! &.!M" ".!,! !.!$!M!I! #.! !:! !.!M!?! "N!+! ".! /
+ 1M!,! #.!M!8!M!=!.! +~!N"O!Z"~! *+!M!.! "M! 2
+ 0.!M! &M!.! 8:! %.!M!Z! "M!=! *O!,! %
+ 0?!$! &N! )." .,! %."M! ":!M!.! 0
+ 0N!:! %?!O! #.! ..! &,! &.!D!,! "N!I! 0
+CATHY
+    return App::Ack::__pic($x);
+}
+
+sub __pic {
+    my($compressed) = @_;
+    $compressed =~ s/(.)(.)/$1x(ord($2)-32)/eg;
+    App::Ack::print( $compressed );
+    exit 0;
+}
+
+
+sub show_help {
+    my $help_arg = shift || 0;
+
+    return show_help_types() if $help_arg =~ /^types?/;
+
+    App::Ack::print( <<"END_OF_HELP" );
+Usage: ack [OPTION]... PATTERN [FILES OR DIRECTORIES]
+
+Search for PATTERN in each source file in the tree from the current
+directory on down.  If any files or directories are specified, then
+only those files and directories are checked.  ack may also search
+STDIN, but only if no file or directory arguments are specified,
+or if one of them is "-".
+
+Default switches may be specified in ACK_OPTIONS environment variable or
+an .ackrc file. If you want no dependency on the environment, turn it
+off with --noenv.
+
+Example: ack -i select
+
+Searching:
+  -i, --ignore-case             Ignore case distinctions in PATTERN
+  --[no]smart-case              Ignore case distinctions in PATTERN,
+                                only if PATTERN contains no upper case.
+                                Ignored if -i is specified
+  -v, --invert-match            Invert match: select non-matching lines
+  -w, --word-regexp             Force PATTERN to match only whole words
+  -Q, --literal                 Quote all metacharacters; PATTERN is literal
+
+Search output:
+  --lines=NUM                   Only print line(s) NUM of each file
+  -l, --files-with-matches      Only print filenames containing matches
+  -L, --files-without-matches   Only print filenames with no matches
+  --output=expr                 Output the evaluation of expr for each line
+                                (turns off text highlighting)
+  -o                            Show only the part of a line matching PATTERN
+                                Same as --output='\$&'
+  --passthru                    Print all lines, whether matching or not
+  --match PATTERN               Specify PATTERN explicitly.
+  -m, --max-count=NUM           Stop searching in each file after NUM matches
+  -1                            Stop searching after one match of any kind
+  -H, --with-filename           Print the filename for each match (default:
+                                on unless explicitly searching a single file)
+  -h, --no-filename             Suppress the prefixing filename on output
+  -c, --count                   Show number of lines matching per file
+  --[no]column                  Show the column number of the first match
+
+  -A NUM, --after-context=NUM   Print NUM lines of trailing context after
+                                matching lines.
+  -B NUM, --before-context=NUM  Print NUM lines of leading context before
+                                matching lines.
+  -C [NUM], --context[=NUM]     Print NUM lines (default 2) of output context.
+
+  --print0                      Print null byte as separator between filenames,
+                                only works with -f, -g, -l, -L or -c.
+
+  -s                            Suppress error messages about nonexistent or
+                                unreadable files.
+
+
+File presentation:
+  --pager=COMMAND               Pipes all ack output through COMMAND.  For
+                                example, --pager="less -R".  Ignored if output
+                                is redirected.
+  --nopager                     Do not send output through a pager.  Cancels
+                                any setting in ~/.ackrc, ACK_PAGER or
+                                ACK_PAGER_COLOR.
+  --[no]heading                 Print a filename heading above each file's
+                                results.  (default: on when used interactively)
+  --[no]break                   Print a break between results from different
+                                files.  (default: on when used interactively)
+  --group                       Same as --heading --break
+  --nogroup                     Same as --noheading --nobreak
+  --[no]color                   Highlight the matching text (default: on unless
+                                output is redirected, or on Windows)
+  --[no]colour                  Same as --[no]color
+  --color-filename=COLOR
+  --color-match=COLOR
+  --color-lineno=COLOR          Set the color for filenames, matches, and line
+                                numbers.
+  --flush                       Flush output immediately, even when ack is used
+                                non-interactively (when output goes to a pipe or
+                                file).
+
+
+File finding:
+  -f                            Only print the files selected, without
+                                searching.  The PATTERN must not be specified.
+  -g                            Same as -f, but only select files matching
+                                PATTERN.
+  --sort-files                  Sort the found files lexically.
+  --show-types                  Show which types each file has.
+  --files-from=FILE             Read the list of files to search from FILE.
+  -x                            Read the list of files to search from STDIN.
+
+File inclusion/exclusion:
+  --[no]ignore-dir=name         Add/remove directory from list of ignored dirs
+  --[no]ignore-directory=name   Synonym for ignore-dir
+  --ignore-file=filter          Add filter for ignoring files
+  -r, -R, --recurse             Recurse into subdirectories (default: on)
+  -n, --no-recurse              No descending into subdirectories
+  --[no]follow                  Follow symlinks.  Default is off.
+  -k, --known-types             Include only files of types that ack recognizes.
+
+  --type=X                      Include only X files, where X is a recognized
+                                filetype.
+  --type=noX                    Exclude X files.
+                                See "ack --help-types" for supported filetypes.
+
+File type specification:
+  --type-set TYPE:FILTER:FILTERARGS
+                                Files with the given FILTERARGS applied to the
+                                given FILTER are recognized as being of type
+                                TYPE. This replaces an existing definition for
+                                type TYPE.
+  --type-add TYPE:FILTER:FILTERARGS
+                                Files with the given FILTERARGS applied to the
+                                given FILTER are recognized as being type TYPE.
+  --type-del TYPE               Removes all filters associated with TYPE.
+
+
+Miscellaneous:
+  --[no]env                     Ignore environment variables and global ackrc
+                                files.  --env is legal but redundant.
+  --ackrc=filename              Specify an ackrc file to use
+  --ignore-ack-defaults         Ignore default definitions included with ack.
+  --create-ackrc                Outputs a default ackrc for your customization
+                                to standard output.
+  --help, -?                    This help
+  --help-types                  Display all known types
+  --dump                        Dump information on which options are loaded
+                                from which RC files
+  --[no]filter                  Force ack to treat standard input as a pipe
+                                (--filter) or tty (--nofilter)
+  --man                         Man page
+  --version                     Display version & copyright
+  --thpppt                      Bill the Cat
+  --bar                         The warning admiral
+  --cathy                       Chocolate! Chocolate! Chocolate!
+
+Exit status is 0 if match, 1 if no match.
+
+ack's home page is at http://beyondgrep.com/
+
+The full ack manual is available by running "ack --man".
+
+This is version $VERSION of ack.  Run "ack --version" for full version info.
+END_OF_HELP
+
+    return;
+ }
+
+
+
+sub show_help_types {
+    App::Ack::print( <<'END_OF_HELP' );
+Usage: ack [OPTION]... PATTERN [FILES OR DIRECTORIES]
+
+The following is the list of filetypes supported by ack.  You can
+specify a file type with the --type=TYPE format, or the --TYPE
+format.  For example, both --type=perl and --perl work.
+
+Note that some extensions may appear in multiple types.  For example,
+.pod files are both Perl and Parrot.
+
+END_OF_HELP
+
+    my @types = filetypes_supported();
+    my $maxlen = 0;
+    for ( @types ) {
+        $maxlen = length if $maxlen < length;
+    }
+    for my $type ( sort @types ) {
+        next if $type =~ /^-/; # Stuff to not show
+        my $ext_list = $mappings{$type};
+
+        if ( ref $ext_list ) {
+            $ext_list = join( '; ', map { $_->to_string } @{$ext_list} );
+        }
+        App::Ack::print( sprintf( "    --[no]%-*.*s %s\n", $maxlen, $maxlen, $type, $ext_list ) );
+    }
+
+    return;
+}
+
+sub show_man {
+    require Pod::Usage;
+
+    Pod::Usage::pod2usage({
+        -input   => $App::Ack::orig_program_name,
+        -verbose => 2,
+        -exitval => 0,
+    });
+
+    return;
+}
+
+
+sub get_version_statement {
+    require Config;
+
+    my $copyright = get_copyright();
+    my $this_perl = $Config::Config{perlpath};
+    if ($^O ne 'VMS') {
+        my $ext = $Config::Config{_exe};
+        $this_perl .= $ext unless $this_perl =~ m/$ext$/i;
+    }
+    my $ver = sprintf( '%vd', $^V );
+
+    return <<"END_OF_VERSION";
+ack ${VERSION}
+Running under Perl $ver at $this_perl
+
+$copyright
+
+This program is free software.  You may modify or distribute it
+under the terms of the Artistic License v2.0.
+END_OF_VERSION
+}
+
+
+sub print_version_statement {
+    App::Ack::print( get_version_statement() );
+
+    return;
+}
+
+
+sub get_copyright {
+    return $COPYRIGHT;
+}
+
+
+# print*() subs added in order to make it easy for a third party
+# module (such as App::Wack) to redefine the display methods
+# and show the results in a different way.
+sub print                   { print {$fh} @_; return; }
+sub print_first_filename    { App::Ack::print( $_[0], "\n" ); return; }
+sub print_blank_line        { App::Ack::print( "\n" ); return; }
+sub print_separator         { App::Ack::print( "--\n" ); return; }
+sub print_filename          { App::Ack::print( $_[0], $_[1] ); return; }
+sub print_line_no           { App::Ack::print( $_[0], $_[1] ); return; }
+sub print_column_no         { App::Ack::print( $_[0], $_[1] ); return; }
+sub print_count {
+    my $filename = shift;
+    my $nmatches = shift;
+    my $ors = shift;
+    my $count = shift;
+    my $show_filename = shift;
+
+    if ($show_filename) {
+        App::Ack::print( $filename );
+        App::Ack::print( ':', $nmatches ) if $count;
+    }
+    else {
+        App::Ack::print( $nmatches ) if $count;
+    }
+    App::Ack::print( $ors );
+
+    return;
+}
+
+sub print_count0 {
+    my $filename = shift;
+    my $ors = shift;
+    my $show_filename = shift;
+
+    if ($show_filename) {
+        App::Ack::print( $filename, ':0', $ors );
+    }
+    else {
+        App::Ack::print( '0', $ors );
+    }
+
+    return;
+}
+
+sub set_up_pager {
+    my $command = shift;
+
+    return if App::Ack::output_to_pipe();
+
+    my $pager;
+    if ( not open( $pager, '|-', $command ) ) {
+        App::Ack::die( qq{Unable to pipe to pager "$command": $!} );
+    }
+    $fh = $pager;
+
+    return;
+}
+
+
+sub output_to_pipe {
+    return $output_to_pipe;
+}
+
+
+sub exit_from_ack {
+    my $nmatches = shift;
+
+    my $rc = $nmatches ? 0 : 1;
+    exit $rc;
+}
+
+
+
+1; # End of App::Ack
+package App::Ack::Resource;
+
+
+use warnings;
+use strict;
+use overload
+    '""' => 'name';
+
+sub FAIL {
+    require Carp;
+    Carp::confess( 'Must be overloaded' );
+}
+
+
+sub new {
+    return FAIL();
+}
+
+
+sub name {
+    return FAIL();
+}
+
+
+sub is_binary {
+    return FAIL();
+}
+
+
+sub open {
+    return FAIL();
+}
+
+
+sub needs_line_scan {
+    return FAIL();
+}
+
+
+sub reset {
+    return FAIL();
+}
+
+
+sub close {
+    return FAIL();
+}
+
+
+sub clone {
+    return FAIL();
+}
+
+
+sub firstliney {
+    return FAIL();
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::Resources;
+
+
+
+use warnings;
+use strict;
+
+sub _generate_error_handler {
+    my $opt = shift;
+
+    if ( $opt->{dont_report_bad_filenames} ) {
+        return sub {
+            my $msg = shift;
+            # XXX restricting to specific error messages for now; I would
+            #     prefer a different way of doing this
+            if ( $msg =~ /Permission denied/ ) {
+                return;
+            }
+            App::Ack::warn( $msg );
+        };
+    }
+    else {
+        return sub {
+            my $msg = shift;
+            App::Ack::warn( $msg );
+        };
+    }
+}
+
+
+sub from_argv {
+    my $class = shift;
+    my $opt   = shift;
+    my $start = shift;
+
+    my $self = bless {}, $class;
+
+    my $file_filter    = undef;
+    my $descend_filter = $opt->{descend_filter};
+
+    if( $opt->{n} ) {
+        $descend_filter = sub {
+            return 0;
+        };
+    }
+
+    $self->{iter} =
+        File::Next::files( {
+            file_filter     => $opt->{file_filter},
+            descend_filter  => $descend_filter,
+            error_handler   => _generate_error_handler($opt),
+            warning_handler => sub {},
+            sort_files      => $opt->{sort_files},
+            follow_symlinks => $opt->{follow},
+        }, @{$start} );
+
+    return $self;
+}
+
+
+sub from_file {
+    my $class = shift;
+    my $opt   = shift;
+    my $file  = shift;
+
+    my $iter =
+        File::Next::from_file( {
+            error_handler   => _generate_error_handler($opt),
+            warning_handler => _generate_error_handler($opt),
+            sort_files      => $opt->{sort_files},
+        }, $file ) or return undef;
+
+    return bless {
+        iter => $iter,
+    }, $class;
+}
+
+# This is for reading input lines from STDIN, not the list of files from STDIN
+sub from_stdin {
+    my $class = shift;
+    my $opt   = shift;
+
+    my $self  = bless {}, $class;
+
+    my $has_been_called = 0;
+
+    $self->{iter} = sub {
+        if ( !$has_been_called ) {
+            $has_been_called = 1;
+            return '-';
+        }
+        return;
+    };
+
+    return $self;
+}
+
+sub next {
+    my $self = shift;
+
+    my $file = $self->{iter}->() or return;
+
+    return App::Ack::Resource::Basic->new( $file );
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::Resource::Basic;
+
+
+use warnings;
+use strict;
+
+use Fcntl ();
+
+BEGIN {
+    our @ISA = 'App::Ack::Resource';
+}
+
+
+
+sub new {
+    my $class    = shift;
+    my $filename = shift;
+
+    my $self = bless {
+        filename => $filename,
+        fh       => undef,
+        opened   => 0,
+    }, $class;
+
+    if ( $self->{filename} eq '-' ) {
+        $self->{fh}     = *STDIN;
+        $self->{opened} = 1;
+    }
+
+    return $self;
+}
+
+
+sub name {
+    return $_[0]->{filename};
+}
+
+
+
+sub needs_line_scan {
+    my $self  = shift;
+    my $opt   = shift;
+
+    return 1 if $opt->{v};
+
+    my $size = -s $self->{fh};
+    if ( $size == 0 ) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+    elsif ( $size > 100_000 ) {
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    my $buffer;
+    my $rc = sysread( $self->{fh}, $buffer, $size );
+    if ( !defined($rc) && $App::Ack::report_bad_filenames ) {
+        App::Ack::warn( "$self->{filename}: $!" );
+        return 1;
+    }
+    return 0 unless $rc && ( $rc == $size );
+
+    my $regex = $opt->{regex};
+    return $buffer =~ /$regex/m;
+}
+
+
+sub reset {
+    my $self = shift;
+
+    # return if we haven't opened the file yet
+    if ( !defined($self->{fh}) ) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if( !seek( $self->{fh}, 0, 0 ) && $App::Ack::report_bad_filenames ) {
+        App::Ack::warn( "$self->{filename}: $!" );
+    }
+
+    return;
+}
+
+
+sub close {
+    my $self = shift;
+
+    # return if we haven't opened the file yet
+    if ( !defined($self->{fh}) ) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if ( !close($self->{fh}) && $App::Ack::report_bad_filenames ) {
+        App::Ack::warn( $self->name() . ": $!" );
+    }
+
+    $self->{opened} = 0;
+
+    return;
+}
+
+
+sub clone {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    return __PACKAGE__->new($self->name);
+}
+
+sub firstliney {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    my $fh = $self->open();
+
+    if ( !exists $self->{firstliney} ) {
+        my $buffer = '';
+        my $rc     = sysread( $fh, $buffer, 250 );
+        unless($rc) { # XXX handle this better?
+            $buffer = '';
+        }
+        $buffer =~ s/[\r\n].*//s;
+        $self->{firstliney} = $buffer;
+        $self->reset;
+    }
+
+    $self->close;
+
+    return $self->{firstliney};
+}
+
+sub open {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    return $self->{fh} if $self->{opened};
+
+    if ( ! open $self->{fh}, '<', $self->{filename} ) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    $self->{opened} = 1;
+
+    return $self->{fh};
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::ConfigDefault;
+
+use warnings;
+use strict;
+
+
+
+sub options {
+    return split( /\n/, _options_block() );
+}
+
+
+sub options_clean {
+    return grep { /./ && !/^#/ } options();
+}
+
+
+sub _options_block {
+    my $lines = <<'HERE';
+# This is the default ackrc for ack version ==VERSION==.
+
+# There are four different ways to match
+#
+# is:  Match the filename exactly
+#
+# ext: Match the extension of the filename exactly
+#
+# match: Match the filename against a Perl regular expression
+#
+# firstlinematch: Match the first 250 characters of the first line
+#   of text against a Perl regular expression.  This is only for
+#   the --type-add option.
+
+
+### Directories to ignore
+
+# Bazaar
+# http://bazaar.canonical.com/
+--ignore-directory=is:.bzr
+
+# Codeville
+# http://freecode.com/projects/codeville
+--ignore-directory=is:.cdv
+
+# Interface Builder (Xcode)
+# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interface_Builder
+--ignore-directory=is:~.dep
+--ignore-directory=is:~.dot
+--ignore-directory=is:~.nib
+--ignore-directory=is:~.plst
+
+# Git
+# http://git-scm.com/
+--ignore-directory=is:.git
+
+# Mercurial
+# http://mercurial.selenic.com/
+--ignore-directory=is:.hg
+
+# quilt
+# http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Quilt
+--ignore-directory=is:.pc
+
+# Subversion
+# http://subversion.tigris.org/
+--ignore-directory=is:.svn
+
+# Monotone
+# http://www.monotone.ca/
+--ignore-directory=is:_MTN
+
+# CVS
+# http://savannah.nongnu.org/projects/cvs
+--ignore-directory=is:CVS
+
+# RCS
+# http://www.gnu.org/software/rcs/
+--ignore-directory=is:RCS
+
+# SCCS
+# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Source_Code_Control_System
+--ignore-directory=is:SCCS
+
+# darcs
+# http://darcs.net/
+--ignore-directory=is:_darcs
+
+# Vault/Fortress
+--ignore-directory=is:_sgbak
+
+# autoconf
+# http://www.gnu.org/software/autoconf/
+--ignore-directory=is:autom4te.cache
+
+# Perl module building
+--ignore-directory=is:blib
+--ignore-directory=is:_build
+
+# Perl Devel::Cover module's output directory
+# https://metacpan.org/release/Devel-Cover
+--ignore-directory=is:cover_db
+
+# Node modules created by npm
+--ignore-directory=is:node_modules
+
+# CMake cache
+# http://www.cmake.org/
+--ignore-directory=is:CMakeFiles
+
+# Eclipse workspace folder
+# http://eclipse.org/
+--ignore-directory=is:.metadata
+
+# Cabal (Haskell) sandboxes
+# http://www.haskell.org/cabal/users-guide/installing-packages.html
+--ignore-directory=is:.cabal-sandbox
+
+### Files to ignore
+
+# Backup files
+--ignore-file=ext:bak
+--ignore-file=match:/~$/
+
+# Emacs swap files
+--ignore-file=match:/^#.+#$/
+
+# vi/vim swap files http://vim.org/
+--ignore-file=match:/[._].*\.swp$/
+
+# core dumps
+--ignore-file=match:/core\.\d+$/
+
+# minified Javascript
+--ignore-file=match:/[.-]min[.]js$/
+--ignore-file=match:/[.]js[.]min$/
+
+# minified CSS
+--ignore-file=match:/[.]min[.]css$/
+--ignore-file=match:/[.]css[.]min$/
+
+# JS and CSS source maps
+--ignore-file=match:/[.]js[.]map$/
+--ignore-file=match:/[.]css[.]map$/
+
+# PDFs, because they pass Perl's -T detection
+--ignore-file=ext:pdf
+
+# Common graphics, just as an optimization
+--ignore-file=ext:gif,jpg,jpeg,png
+
+
+### Filetypes defined
+
+# Perl
+# http://perl.org/
+--type-add=perl:ext:pl,pm,pod,t,psgi
+--type-add=perl:firstlinematch:/^#!.*\bperl/
+
+# Perl tests
+--type-add=perltest:ext:t
+
+# Makefiles
+# http://www.gnu.org/s/make/
+--type-add=make:ext:mk
+--type-add=make:ext:mak
+--type-add=make:is:makefile
+--type-add=make:is:Makefile
+--type-add=make:is:Makefile.Debug
+--type-add=make:is:Makefile.Release
+
+# Rakefiles
+# http://rake.rubyforge.org/
+--type-add=rake:is:Rakefile
+
+# CMake
+# http://www.cmake.org/
+--type-add=cmake:is:CMakeLists.txt
+--type-add=cmake:ext:cmake
+
+# Actionscript
+--type-add=actionscript:ext:as,mxml
+
+# Ada
+# http://www.adaic.org/
+--type-add=ada:ext:ada,adb,ads
+
+# ASP
+# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa286483.aspx
+--type-add=asp:ext:asp
+
+# ASP.Net
+# http://www.asp.net/
+--type-add=aspx:ext:master,ascx,asmx,aspx,svc
+
+# Assembly
+--type-add=asm:ext:asm,s
+
+# Batch
+--type-add=batch:ext:bat,cmd
+
+# ColdFusion
+# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ColdFusion
+--type-add=cfmx:ext:cfc,cfm,cfml
+
+# Clojure
+# http://clojure.org/
+--type-add=clojure:ext:clj
+
+# C
+# .xs are Perl C files
+--type-add=cc:ext:c,h,xs
+
+# C header files
+--type-add=hh:ext:h
+
+# CoffeeScript
+# http://coffeescript.org/
+--type-add=coffeescript:ext:coffee
+
+# C++
+--type-add=cpp:ext:cpp,cc,cxx,m,hpp,hh,h,hxx
+
+# C#
+--type-add=csharp:ext:cs
+
+# CSS
+# http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/
+--type-add=css:ext:css
+
+# Dart
+# http://www.dartlang.org/
+--type-add=dart:ext:dart
+
+# Delphi
+# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Embarcadero_Delphi
+--type-add=delphi:ext:pas,int,dfm,nfm,dof,dpk,dproj,groupproj,bdsgroup,bdsproj
+
+# Elixir
+# http://elixir-lang.org/
+--type-add=elixir:ext:ex,exs
+
+# Emacs Lisp
+# http://www.gnu.org/software/emacs
+--type-add=elisp:ext:el
+
+# Erlang
+# http://www.erlang.org/
+--type-add=erlang:ext:erl,hrl
+
+# Fortran
+# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortran
+--type-add=fortran:ext:f,f77,f90,f95,f03,for,ftn,fpp
+
+# Go
+# http://golang.org/
+--type-add=go:ext:go
+
+# Groovy
+# http://groovy.codehaus.org/
+--type-add=groovy:ext:groovy,gtmpl,gpp,grunit,gradle
+
+# Haskell
+# http://www.haskell.org/
+--type-add=haskell:ext:hs,lhs
+
+# HTML
+--type-add=html:ext:htm,html
+
+# Jade
+# http://jade-lang.com/
+--type-add=jade:ext:jade
+
+# Java
+# http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/index.html
+--type-add=java:ext:java,properties
+
+# JavaScript
+--type-add=js:ext:js
+
+# JSP
+# http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javaee/jsp/index.html
+--type-add=jsp:ext:jsp,jspx,jhtm,jhtml
+
+# JSON
+# http://www.json.org/
+--type-add=json:ext:json
+
+# Less
+# http://www.lesscss.org/
+--type-add=less:ext:less
+
+# Common Lisp
+# http://common-lisp.net/
+--type-add=lisp:ext:lisp,lsp
+
+# Lua
+# http://www.lua.org/
+--type-add=lua:ext:lua
+--type-add=lua:firstlinematch:/^#!.*\blua(jit)?/
+
+# Objective-C
+--type-add=objc:ext:m,h
+
+# Objective-C++
+--type-add=objcpp:ext:mm,h
+
+# OCaml
+# http://caml.inria.fr/
+--type-add=ocaml:ext:ml,mli
+
+# Matlab
+# http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MATLAB
+--type-add=matlab:ext:m
+
+# Parrot
+# http://www.parrot.org/
+--type-add=parrot:ext:pir,pasm,pmc,ops,pod,pg,tg
+
+# PHP
+# http://www.php.net/
+--type-add=php:ext:php,phpt,php3,php4,php5,phtml
+--type-add=php:firstlinematch:/^#!.*\bphp/
+
+# Plone
+# http://plone.org/
+--type-add=plone:ext:pt,cpt,metadata,cpy,py
+
+# Python
+# http://www.python.org/
+--type-add=python:ext:py
+--type-add=python:firstlinematch:/^#!.*\bpython/
+
+# R
+# http://www.r-project.org/
+--type-add=rr:ext:R
+
+# reStructured Text
+# http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html
+--type-add=rst:ext:rst
+
+# Ruby
+# http://www.ruby-lang.org/
+--type-add=ruby:ext:rb,rhtml,rjs,rxml,erb,rake,spec
+--type-add=ruby:is:Rakefile
+--type-add=ruby:firstlinematch:/^#!.*\bruby/
+
+# Rust
+# http://www.rust-lang.org/
+--type-add=rust:ext:rs
+
+# Sass
+# http://sass-lang.com
+--type-add=sass:ext:sass,scss
+
+# Scala
+# http://www.scala-lang.org/
+--type-add=scala:ext:scala
+
+# Scheme
+# http://groups.csail.mit.edu/mac/projects/scheme/
+--type-add=scheme:ext:scm,ss
+
+# Shell
+--type-add=shell:ext:sh,bash,csh,tcsh,ksh,zsh,fish
+--type-add=shell:firstlinematch:/^#!.*\b(?:ba|t?c|k|z|fi)?sh\b/
+
+# Smalltalk
+# http://www.smalltalk.org/
+--type-add=smalltalk:ext:st
+
+# Smarty
+# http://www.smarty.net/
+--type-add=smarty:ext:tpl
+
+# SQL
+# http://www.iso.org/iso/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=45498
+--type-add=sql:ext:sql,ctl
+
+# Stylus
+# http://learnboost.github.io/stylus/
+--type-add=stylus:ext:styl
+
+# Tcl
+# http://www.tcl.tk/
+--type-add=tcl:ext:tcl,itcl,itk
+
+# LaTeX
+# http://www.latex-project.org/
+--type-add=tex:ext:tex,cls,sty
+
+# Template Toolkit (Perl)
+# http://template-toolkit.org/
+--type-add=tt:ext:tt,tt2,ttml
+
+# Visual Basic
+--type-add=vb:ext:bas,cls,frm,ctl,vb,resx
+
+# Verilog
+--type-add=verilog:ext:v,vh,sv
+
+# VHDL
+# http://www.eda.org/twiki/bin/view.cgi/P1076/WebHome
+--type-add=vhdl:ext:vhd,vhdl
+
+# Vim
+# http://www.vim.org/
+--type-add=vim:ext:vim
+
+# XML
+# http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-xml/
+--type-add=xml:ext:xml,dtd,xsl,xslt,ent
+--type-add=xml:firstlinematch:/<[?]xml/
+
+# YAML
+# http://yaml.org/
+--type-add=yaml:ext:yaml,yml
+HERE
+    $lines =~ s/==VERSION==/$App::Ack::VERSION/sm;
+
+    return $lines;
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::ConfigFinder;
+
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use Cwd 3.00 ();
+use File::Spec 3.00;
+
+use if ($^O eq 'MSWin32'), 'Win32';
+
+
+sub new {
+    my ( $class ) = @_;
+
+    return bless {}, $class;
+}
+
+
+sub _remove_redundancies {
+    my @configs = @_;
+
+    my %seen;
+    foreach my $config (@configs) {
+        my $key = $config->{path};
+        if ( not $App::Ack::is_windows ) {
+            # On Unix, uniquify on inode.
+            my ($dev, $inode) = (stat $key)[0, 1];
+            $key = "$dev:$inode" if defined $dev;
+        }
+        undef $config if $seen{$key}++;
+    }
+    return grep { defined } @configs;
+}
+
+
+sub _check_for_ackrc {
+    return unless defined $_[0];
+
+    my @files = grep { -f }
+                map { File::Spec->catfile(@_, $_) }
+                qw(.ackrc _ackrc);
+
+    die File::Spec->catdir(@_) . " contains both .ackrc and _ackrc.\n" .
+        "Please remove one of those files.\n"
+            if @files > 1;
+
+    return wantarray ? @files : $files[0];
+} # end _check_for_ackrc
+
+
+
+sub find_config_files {
+    my @config_files;
+
+    if ( $App::Ack::is_windows ) {
+        push @config_files, map { +{ path => File::Spec->catfile($_, 'ackrc') } } (
+            Win32::GetFolderPath(Win32::CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA()),
+            Win32::GetFolderPath(Win32::CSIDL_APPDATA()),
+        );
+    }
+    else {
+        push @config_files, { path => '/etc/ackrc' };
+    }
+
+
+    if ( $ENV{'ACKRC'} && -f $ENV{'ACKRC'} ) {
+        push @config_files, { path => $ENV{'ACKRC'} };
+    }
+    else {
+        push @config_files, map { +{ path => $_ } } _check_for_ackrc($ENV{'HOME'});
+    }
+
+    # XXX This should go through some untainted cwd-fetching function, and not get untainted inline like this.
+    my $cwd = Cwd::getcwd();
+    $cwd =~ /(.+)/;
+    $cwd = $1;
+    my @dirs = File::Spec->splitdir( $cwd );
+    while(@dirs) {
+        my $ackrc = _check_for_ackrc(@dirs);
+        if(defined $ackrc) {
+            push @config_files, { project => 1, path => $ackrc };
+            last;
+        }
+        pop @dirs;
+    }
+
+    # We only test for existence here, so if the file is deleted out from under us, this will fail later.
+    return _remove_redundancies( @config_files );
+}
+
+
+
+sub read_rcfile {
+    my $file = shift;
+
+    return unless defined $file && -e $file;
+
+    my @lines;
+
+    open( my $fh, '<', $file ) or App::Ack::die( "Unable to read $file: $!" );
+    while ( my $line = <$fh> ) {
+        chomp $line;
+        $line =~ s/^\s+//;
+        $line =~ s/\s+$//;
+
+        next if $line eq '';
+        next if $line =~ /^\s*#/;
+
+        push( @lines, $line );
+    }
+    close $fh or App::Ack::die( "Unable to close $file: $!" );
+
+    return @lines;
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::ConfigLoader;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use Carp 1.04 ();
+use Getopt::Long 2.35 ();
+use Text::ParseWords 3.1 ();
+
+
+my @INVALID_COMBINATIONS;
+
+BEGIN {
+    my @context  = qw( -A -B -C --after-context --before-context --context );
+    my @pretty   = qw( --heading --group --break );
+    my @filename = qw( -h -H --with-filename --no-filename );
+
+    @INVALID_COMBINATIONS = (
+        # XXX normalize
+        [qw(-l)]                 => [@context, @pretty, @filename, qw(-L -o --passthru --output --max-count --column -f -g --show-types)],
+        [qw(-L)]                 => [@context, @pretty, @filename, qw(-l -o --passthru --output --max-count --column -f -g --show-types -c --count)],
+        [qw(--line)]             => [@context, @pretty, @filename, qw(-l --files-with-matches --files-without-matches -L -o --passthru --match -m --max-count -1 -c --count --column --print0 -f -g --show-types)],
+        [qw(-o)]                 => [@context, qw(--output -c --count --column --column -f --show-types)],
+        [qw(--passthru)]         => [@context, qw(--output --column -m --max-count -1 -c --count -f -g)],
+        [qw(--output)]           => [@context, qw(-c --count -f -g)],
+        [qw(--match)]            => [qw(-f -g)],
+        [qw(-m --max-count)]     => [qw(-1 -f -g -c --count)],
+        [qw(-h --no-filename)]   => [qw(-H --with-filename -f -g --group --heading)],
+        [qw(-H --with-filename)] => [qw(-h --no-filename -f -g)],
+        [qw(-c --count)]         => [@context, @pretty, qw(--column -f -g)],
+        [qw(--column)]           => [qw(-f -g)],
+        [@context]               => [qw(-f -g)],
+        [qw(-f)]                 => [qw(-g), @pretty],
+        [qw(-g)]                 => [qw(-f), @pretty],
+    );
+}
+
+
+sub process_filter_spec {
+    my ( $spec ) = @_;
+
+    if ( $spec =~ /^(\w+):(\w+):(.*)/ ) {
+        my ( $type_name, $ext_type, $arguments ) = ( $1, $2, $3 );
+
+        return ( $type_name,
+            App::Ack::Filter->create_filter($ext_type, split(/,/, $arguments)) );
+    }
+    elsif ( $spec =~ /^(\w+)=(.*)/ ) { # Check to see if we have ack1-style argument specification.
+        my ( $type_name, $extensions ) = ( $1, $2 );
+
+        my @extensions = split(/,/, $extensions);
+        foreach my $extension ( @extensions ) {
+            $extension =~ s/^[.]//;
+        }
+
+        return ( $type_name, App::Ack::Filter->create_filter('ext', @extensions) );
+    }
+    else {
+        Carp::croak "invalid filter specification '$spec'";
+    }
+}
+
+
+sub uninvert_filter {
+    my ( $opt, @filters ) = @_;
+
+    return unless defined $opt->{filters} && @filters;
+
+    # Loop through all the registered filters.  If we hit one that
+    # matches this extension and it's inverted, we need to delete it from
+    # the options.
+    for ( my $i = 0; $i < @{ $opt->{filters} }; $i++ ) {
+        my $opt_filter = @{ $opt->{filters} }[$i];
+
+        # XXX Do a real list comparison? This just checks string equivalence.
+        if ( $opt_filter->is_inverted() && "$opt_filter->{filter}" eq "@filters" ) {
+            splice @{ $opt->{filters} }, $i, 1;
+            $i--;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+sub process_filetypes {
+    my ( $opt, $arg_sources ) = @_;
+
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('default', 'no_auto_help', 'no_auto_version'); # start with default options, minus some annoying ones
+    Getopt::Long::Configure(
+        'no_ignore_case',
+        'no_auto_abbrev',
+        'pass_through',
+    );
+    my %additional_specs;
+
+    my $add_spec = sub {
+        my ( undef, $spec ) = @_;
+
+        my ( $name, $filter ) = process_filter_spec($spec);
+
+        push @{ $App::Ack::mappings{$name} }, $filter;
+
+        $additional_specs{$name . '!'} = sub {
+            my ( undef, $value ) = @_;
+
+            my @filters = @{ $App::Ack::mappings{$name} };
+            if ( not $value ) {
+                @filters = map { $_->invert() } @filters;
+            }
+            else {
+                uninvert_filter( $opt, @filters );
+            }
+
+            push @{ $opt->{'filters'} }, @filters;
+        };
+    };
+
+    my $set_spec = sub {
+        my ( undef, $spec ) = @_;
+
+        my ( $name, $filter ) = process_filter_spec($spec);
+
+        $App::Ack::mappings{$name} = [ $filter ];
+
+        $additional_specs{$name . '!'} = sub {
+            my ( undef, $value ) = @_;
+
+            my @filters = @{ $App::Ack::mappings{$name} };
+            if ( not $value ) {
+                @filters = map { $_->invert() } @filters;
+            }
+
+            push @{ $opt->{'filters'} }, @filters;
+        };
+    };
+
+    my $delete_spec = sub {
+        my ( undef, $name ) = @_;
+
+        delete $App::Ack::mappings{$name};
+        delete $additional_specs{$name . '!'};
+    };
+
+    my %type_arg_specs = (
+        'type-add=s' => $add_spec,
+        'type-set=s' => $set_spec,
+        'type-del=s' => $delete_spec,
+    );
+
+    foreach my $source (@{$arg_sources}) {
+        my ( $source_name, $args ) = @{$source}{qw/name contents/};
+
+        if ( ref($args) ) {
+            # $args are modified in place, so no need to munge $arg_sources
+            local @ARGV = @{$args};
+            Getopt::Long::GetOptions(%type_arg_specs);
+            @{$args} = @ARGV;
+        }
+        else {
+            ( undef, $source->{contents} ) =
+                Getopt::Long::GetOptionsFromString($args, %type_arg_specs);
+        }
+    }
+
+    $additional_specs{'k|known-types'} = sub {
+        my ( undef, $value ) = @_;
+
+        my @filters = map { @{$_} } values(%App::Ack::mappings);
+
+        push @{ $opt->{'filters'} }, @filters;
+    };
+
+    return \%additional_specs;
+}
+
+
+sub removed_option {
+    my ( $option, $explanation ) = @_;
+
+    $explanation ||= '';
+    return sub {
+        warn "Option '$option' is not valid in ack 2\n$explanation";
+        exit 1;
+    };
+}
+
+
+sub get_arg_spec {
+    my ( $opt, $extra_specs ) = @_;
+
+    my $dash_a_explanation = <<'EOT';
+This is because we now have -k/--known-types which makes it only select files
+of known types, rather than any text file (which is the behavior of ack 1.x).
+You may have options in a .ackrc, or in the ACKRC_OPTIONS environment variable.
+Try using the --dump flag.
+EOT
+
+
+    return {
+        1                   => sub { $opt->{1} = $opt->{m} = 1 },
+        'A|after-context=i' => \$opt->{after_context},
+        'B|before-context=i'
+                            => \$opt->{before_context},
+        'C|context:i'       => sub { shift; my $val = shift; $opt->{before_context} = $opt->{after_context} = ($val || 2) },
+        'a'                 => removed_option('-a', $dash_a_explanation),
+        'all'               => removed_option('--all', $dash_a_explanation),
+        'break!'            => \$opt->{break},
+        c                   => \$opt->{count},
+        'color|colour!'     => \$opt->{color},
+        'color-match=s'     => \$ENV{ACK_COLOR_MATCH},
+        'color-filename=s'  => \$ENV{ACK_COLOR_FILENAME},
+        'color-lineno=s'    => \$ENV{ACK_COLOR_LINENO},
+        'column!'           => \$opt->{column},
+        count               => \$opt->{count},
+        'create-ackrc'      => sub { print "$_\n" for ( '--ignore-ack-defaults', App::Ack::ConfigDefault::options() ); exit; },
+        'env!'              => sub {
+            my ( undef, $value ) = @_;
+
+            if ( !$value ) {
+                $opt->{noenv_seen} = 1;
+            }
+        },
+        f                   => \$opt->{f},
+        'files-from=s'      => \$opt->{files_from},
+        'filter!'           => \$App::Ack::is_filter_mode,
+        flush               => \$opt->{flush},
+        'follow!'           => \$opt->{follow},
+        g                   => \$opt->{g},
+        G                   => removed_option('-G'),
+        'group!'            => sub { shift; $opt->{heading} = $opt->{break} = shift },
+        'heading!'          => \$opt->{heading},
+        'h|no-filename'     => \$opt->{h},
+        'H|with-filename'   => \$opt->{H},
+        'i|ignore-case'     => \$opt->{i},
+        'ignore-directory|ignore-dir=s' => sub {
+                                    my ( undef, $dir ) = @_;
+
+                                    $dir = App::Ack::remove_dir_sep( $dir );
+                                    if ( $dir !~ /^(?:is|match):/ ) {
+                                        $dir = 'is:' . $dir;
+                                    }
+                                    push @{ $opt->{idirs} }, $dir;
+        },
+        'ignore-file=s'     => sub {
+                                    my ( undef, $file ) = @_;
+                                    push @{ $opt->{ifiles} }, $file;
+                               },
+        'lines=s'           => sub { shift; my $val = shift; push @{$opt->{lines}}, $val },
+        'l|files-with-matches'
+                            => \$opt->{l},
+        'L|files-without-matches'
+                            => \$opt->{L},
+        'm|max-count=i'     => \$opt->{m},
+        'match=s'           => \$opt->{regex},
+        'n|no-recurse'      => \$opt->{n},
+        o                   => sub { $opt->{output} = '$&' },
+        'output=s'          => \$opt->{output},
+        'pager:s'           => sub {
+            my ( undef, $value ) = @_;
+
+            $opt->{pager} = $value || $ENV{PAGER};
+        },
+        'noignore-directory|noignore-dir=s'
+                            => sub {
+                                my ( undef, $dir ) = @_;
+
+                                # XXX can you do --noignore-dir=match,...?
+                                $dir = App::Ack::remove_dir_sep( $dir );
+                                if ( $dir !~ /^(?:is|match):/ ) {
+                                    $dir = 'is:' . $dir;
+                                }
+                                if ( $dir !~ /^(?:is|match):/ ) {
+                                    Carp::croak("invalid noignore-directory argument: '$dir'");
+                                }
+
+                                @{ $opt->{idirs} } = grep {
+                                    $_ ne $dir
+                                } @{ $opt->{idirs} };
+
+                                push @{ $opt->{no_ignore_dirs} }, $dir;
+                            },
+        'nopager'           => sub { $opt->{pager} = undef },
+        'passthru'          => \$opt->{passthru},
+        'print0'            => \$opt->{print0},
+        'Q|literal'         => \$opt->{Q},
+        'r|R|recurse'       => sub { $opt->{n} = 0 },
+        's'                 => \$opt->{dont_report_bad_filenames},
+        'show-types'        => \$opt->{show_types},
+        'smart-case!'       => \$opt->{smart_case},
+        'sort-files'        => \$opt->{sort_files},
+        'type=s'            => sub {
+            my ( $getopt, $value ) = @_;
+
+            my $cb_value = 1;
+            if ( $value =~ s/^no// ) {
+                $cb_value = 0;
+            }
+
+            my $callback = $extra_specs->{ $value . '!' };
+
+            if ( $callback ) {
+                $callback->( $getopt, $cb_value );
+            }
+            else {
+                Carp::croak( "Unknown type '$value'" );
+            }
+        },
+        'u'                 => removed_option('-u'),
+        'unrestricted'      => removed_option('--unrestricted'),
+        'v|invert-match'    => \$opt->{v},
+        'w|word-regexp'     => \$opt->{w},
+        'x'                 => sub { $opt->{files_from} = '-' },
+
+        'version'           => sub { App::Ack::print_version_statement(); exit; },
+        'help|?:s'          => sub { shift; App::Ack::show_help(@_); exit; },
+        'help-types'        => sub { App::Ack::show_help_types(); exit; },
+        'man'               => sub { App::Ack::show_man(); exit; },
+        $extra_specs ? %{$extra_specs} : (),
+    }; # arg_specs
+}
+
+
+sub process_other {
+    my ( $opt, $extra_specs, $arg_sources ) = @_;
+
+    # Start with default options, minus some annoying ones.
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('default', 'no_auto_help', 'no_auto_version');
+    Getopt::Long::Configure(
+        'bundling',
+        'no_ignore_case',
+    );
+
+    my $argv_source;
+    my $is_help_types_active;
+
+    foreach my $source (@{$arg_sources}) {
+        my ( $source_name, $args ) = @{$source}{qw/name contents/};
+
+        if ( $source_name eq 'ARGV' ) {
+            $argv_source = $args;
+            last;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ( $argv_source ) { # This *should* always be true, but you never know...
+        my @copy = @{$argv_source};
+        local @ARGV = @copy;
+
+        Getopt::Long::Configure('pass_through');
+
+        Getopt::Long::GetOptions(
+            'help-types' => \$is_help_types_active,
+        );
+
+        Getopt::Long::Configure('no_pass_through');
+    }
+
+    my $arg_specs = get_arg_spec($opt, $extra_specs);
+
+    foreach my $source (@{$arg_sources}) {
+        my ( $source_name, $args ) = @{$source}{qw/name contents/};
+
+        my $args_for_source = $arg_specs;
+
+        if ( $source->{project} ) {
+            my $illegal = sub {
+                die "Options --output, --pager and --match are forbidden in project .ackrc files.\n";
+            };
+
+            $args_for_source = { %$args_for_source,
+                'output=s' => $illegal,
+                'pager:s'  => $illegal,
+                'match=s'  => $illegal,
+            };
+        }
+
+        my $ret;
+        if ( ref($args) ) {
+            local @ARGV = @{$args};
+            $ret = Getopt::Long::GetOptions( %{$args_for_source} );
+            @{$args} = @ARGV;
+        }
+        else {
+            ( $ret, $source->{contents} ) =
+                Getopt::Long::GetOptionsFromString( $args, %{$args_for_source} );
+        }
+        if ( !$ret ) {
+            if ( !$is_help_types_active ) {
+                my $where = $source_name eq 'ARGV' ? 'on command line' : "in $source_name";
+                App::Ack::die( "Invalid option $where" );
+            }
+        }
+        if ( $opt->{noenv_seen} ) {
+            App::Ack::die( "--noenv found in $source_name" );
+        }
+    }
+
+    # XXX We need to check on a -- in the middle of a non-ARGV source
+
+    return;
+}
+
+
+sub should_dump_options {
+    my ( $sources ) = @_;
+
+    foreach my $source (@{$sources}) {
+        my ( $name, $options ) = @{$source}{qw/name contents/};
+
+        if($name eq 'ARGV') {
+            my $dump;
+            local @ARGV = @{$options};
+            Getopt::Long::Configure('default', 'pass_through', 'no_auto_help', 'no_auto_version');
+            Getopt::Long::GetOptions(
+                'dump' => \$dump,
+            );
+            @{$options} = @ARGV;
+            return $dump;
+        }
+    }
+    return;
+}
+
+
+sub explode_sources {
+    my ( $sources ) = @_;
+
+    my @new_sources;
+
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('default', 'pass_through', 'no_auto_help', 'no_auto_version');
+
+    my %opt;
+    my $arg_spec = get_arg_spec(\%opt);
+
+    my $add_type = sub {
+        my ( undef, $arg ) = @_;
+
+        # XXX refactor?
+        if ( $arg =~ /(\w+)=/) {
+            $arg_spec->{$1} = sub {};
+        }
+        else {
+            ( $arg ) = split /:/, $arg;
+            $arg_spec->{$arg} = sub {};
+        }
+    };
+
+    my $del_type = sub {
+        my ( undef, $arg ) = @_;
+
+        delete $arg_spec->{$arg};
+    };
+
+    foreach my $source (@{$sources}) {
+        my ( $name, $options ) = @{$source}{qw/name contents/};
+        if ( ref($options) ne 'ARRAY' ) {
+            $source->{contents} = $options =
+                [ Text::ParseWords::shellwords($options) ];
+        }
+
+        for my $j ( 0 .. @{$options}-1 ) {
+            next unless $options->[$j] =~ /^-/;
+            my @chunk = ( $options->[$j] );
+            push @chunk, $options->[$j] while ++$j < @{$options} && $options->[$j] !~ /^-/;
+            $j--;
+
+            my @copy = @chunk;
+            local @ARGV = @chunk;
+            Getopt::Long::GetOptions(
+                'type-add=s' => $add_type,
+                'type-set=s' => $add_type,
+                'type-del=s' => $del_type,
+            );
+            Getopt::Long::GetOptions( %{$arg_spec} );
+
+            push @new_sources, {
+                name     => $name,
+                contents => \@copy,
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    return \@new_sources;
+}
+
+
+sub compare_opts {
+    my ( $a, $b ) = @_;
+
+    my $first_a = $a->[0];
+    my $first_b = $b->[0];
+
+    $first_a =~ s/^--?//;
+    $first_b =~ s/^--?//;
+
+    return $first_a cmp $first_b;
+}
+
+
+sub dump_options {
+    my ( $sources ) = @_;
+
+    $sources = explode_sources($sources);
+
+    my %opts_by_source;
+    my @source_names;
+
+    foreach my $source (@{$sources}) {
+        my ( $name, $contents ) = @{$source}{qw/name contents/};
+        if ( not $opts_by_source{$name} ) {
+            $opts_by_source{$name} = [];
+            push @source_names, $name;
+        }
+        push @{$opts_by_source{$name}}, $contents;
+    }
+
+    foreach my $name (@source_names) {
+        my $contents = $opts_by_source{$name};
+
+        print $name, "\n";
+        print '=' x length($name), "\n";
+        print '  ', join(' ', @{$_}), "\n" foreach sort { compare_opts($a, $b) } @{$contents};
+    }
+
+    return;
+}
+
+
+sub remove_default_options_if_needed {
+    my ( $sources ) = @_;
+
+    my $default_index;
+
+    foreach my $index ( 0 .. $#{$sources} ) {
+        if ( $sources->[$index]{'name'} eq 'Defaults' ) {
+            $default_index = $index;
+            last;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return $sources unless defined $default_index;
+
+    my $should_remove = 0;
+
+    # Start with default options, minus some annoying ones.
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('default', 'no_auto_help', 'no_auto_version');
+    Getopt::Long::Configure(
+        'no_ignore_case',
+        'no_auto_abbrev',
+        'pass_through',
+    );
+
+    foreach my $index ( $default_index + 1 .. $#{$sources} ) {
+        my ( $name, $args ) = @{$sources->[$index]}{qw/name contents/};
+
+        if (ref($args)) {
+            local @ARGV = @{$args};
+            Getopt::Long::GetOptions(
+                'ignore-ack-defaults' => \$should_remove,
+            );
+            @{$args} = @ARGV;
+        }
+        else {
+            ( undef, $sources->[$index]{contents} ) = Getopt::Long::GetOptionsFromString($args,
+                'ignore-ack-defaults' => \$should_remove,
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('default');
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('default', 'no_auto_help', 'no_auto_version');
+
+    return $sources unless $should_remove;
+
+    my @copy = @{$sources};
+    splice @copy, $default_index, 1;
+    return \@copy;
+}
+
+
+sub check_for_mutually_exclusive_options {
+    my ( $arg_sources ) = @_;
+
+    my %mutually_exclusive_with;
+    my @copy = @{$arg_sources};
+
+    for(my $i = 0; $i < @INVALID_COMBINATIONS; $i += 2) {
+        my ( $lhs, $rhs ) = @INVALID_COMBINATIONS[ $i, $i + 1 ];
+
+        foreach my $l_opt ( @{$lhs} ) {
+            foreach my $r_opt ( @{$rhs} ) {
+                push @{ $mutually_exclusive_with{ $l_opt } }, $r_opt;
+                push @{ $mutually_exclusive_with{ $r_opt } }, $l_opt;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    while( @copy ) {
+        my %set_opts;
+
+        my $source = shift @copy;
+        my ( $source_name, $args ) = @{$source}{qw/name contents/};
+        $args = ref($args) ? [ @{$args} ] : [ Text::ParseWords::shellwords($args) ];
+
+        foreach my $opt ( @{$args} ) {
+            next unless $opt =~ /^[-+]/;
+            last if $opt eq '--';
+
+            if( $opt =~ /^(.*)=/ ) {
+                $opt = $1;
+            }
+            elsif ( $opt =~ /^(-[^-]).+/ ) {
+                $opt = $1;
+            }
+
+            $set_opts{ $opt } = 1;
+
+            my $mutex_opts = $mutually_exclusive_with{ $opt };
+
+            next unless $mutex_opts;
+
+            foreach my $mutex_opt ( @{$mutex_opts} ) {
+                if($set_opts{ $mutex_opt }) {
+                    die "Options '$mutex_opt' and '$opt' are mutually exclusive\n";
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+
+sub process_args {
+    my $arg_sources = \@_;
+
+    my %opt = (
+        pager => $ENV{ACK_PAGER_COLOR} || $ENV{ACK_PAGER},
+    );
+
+    check_for_mutually_exclusive_options($arg_sources);
+
+    $arg_sources = remove_default_options_if_needed($arg_sources);
+
+    if ( should_dump_options($arg_sources) ) {
+        dump_options($arg_sources);
+        exit(0);
+    }
+
+    my $type_specs = process_filetypes(\%opt, $arg_sources);
+    process_other(\%opt, $type_specs, $arg_sources);
+    while ( @{$arg_sources} ) {
+        my $source = shift @{$arg_sources};
+        my ( $source_name, $args ) = @{$source}{qw/name contents/};
+
+        # All of our sources should be transformed into an array ref
+        if ( ref($args) ) {
+            if ( $source_name eq 'ARGV' ) {
+                @ARGV = @{$args};
+            }
+            elsif (@{$args}) {
+                Carp::croak "source '$source_name' has extra arguments!";
+            }
+        }
+        else {
+            Carp::croak 'The impossible has occurred!';
+        }
+    }
+    my $filters = ($opt{filters} ||= []);
+
+    # Throw the default filter in if no others are selected.
+    if ( not grep { !$_->is_inverted() } @{$filters} ) {
+        push @{$filters}, App::Ack::Filter::Default->new();
+    }
+    return \%opt;
+}
+
+
+sub retrieve_arg_sources {
+    my @arg_sources;
+
+    my $noenv;
+    my $ackrc;
+
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('default', 'no_auto_help', 'no_auto_version');
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('pass_through');
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('no_auto_abbrev');
+
+    Getopt::Long::GetOptions(
+        'noenv'   => \$noenv,
+        'ackrc=s' => \$ackrc,
+    );
+
+    Getopt::Long::Configure('default', 'no_auto_help', 'no_auto_version');
+
+    my @files;
+
+    if ( !$noenv ) {
+        my $finder = App::Ack::ConfigFinder->new;
+        @files  = $finder->find_config_files;
+    }
+    if ( $ackrc ) {
+        # We explicitly use open so we get a nice error message.
+        # XXX This is a potential race condition!.
+        if(open my $fh, '<', $ackrc) {
+            close $fh;
+        }
+        else {
+            die "Unable to load ackrc '$ackrc': $!"
+        }
+        push( @files, { path => $ackrc } );
+    }
+
+    push @arg_sources, {
+        name     => 'Defaults',
+        contents => [ App::Ack::ConfigDefault::options_clean() ],
+    };
+
+    foreach my $file ( @files) {
+        my @lines = App::Ack::ConfigFinder::read_rcfile($file->{path});
+
+        if(@lines) {
+            push @arg_sources, {
+                name     => $file->{path},
+                contents => \@lines,
+                project  => $file->{project},
+            };
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ( $ENV{ACK_OPTIONS} && !$noenv ) {
+        push @arg_sources, {
+            name     => 'ACK_OPTIONS',
+            contents => $ENV{ACK_OPTIONS},
+        };
+    }
+
+    push @arg_sources, {
+        name     => 'ARGV',
+        contents => [ @ARGV ],
+    };
+
+    return @arg_sources;
+}
+
+1; # End of App::Ack::ConfigLoader
+package App::Ack::Filter;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use overload
+    '""' => 'to_string';
+
+use Carp 1.04 ();
+
+my %filter_types;
+
+
+sub create_filter {
+    my ( undef, $type, @args ) = @_;
+
+    if ( my $package = $filter_types{$type} ) {
+        return $package->new(@args);
+    }
+    Carp::croak "Unknown filter type '$type'";
+}
+
+
+sub register_filter {
+    my ( undef, $type, $package ) = @_;
+
+    $filter_types{$type} = $package;
+
+    return;
+}
+
+
+sub invert {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    return App::Ack::Filter::Inverse->new( $self );
+}
+
+
+sub is_inverted {
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+sub to_string {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    return '(unimplemented to_string)';
+}
+
+
+sub inspect {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    return ref($self);
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::Filter::Extension;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+BEGIN {
+    our @ISA = 'App::Ack::Filter';
+}
+
+
+sub new {
+    my ( $class, @extensions ) = @_;
+
+    my $exts = join('|', map { "\Q$_\E"} @extensions);
+    my $re   = qr/[.](?:$exts)$/i;
+
+    return bless {
+        extensions => \@extensions,
+        regex      => $re,
+        groupname  => 'ExtensionGroup',
+    }, $class;
+}
+
+sub create_group {
+    return App::Ack::Filter::ExtensionGroup->new();
+}
+
+sub filter {
+    my ( $self, $resource ) = @_;
+
+    my $re = $self->{'regex'};
+
+    return $resource->name =~ /$re/;
+}
+
+sub inspect {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    my $re = $self->{'regex'};
+
+    return ref($self) . " - $re";
+}
+
+sub to_string {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    my $exts = $self->{'extensions'};
+
+    return join(' ', map { ".$_" } @{$exts});
+}
+
+BEGIN {
+    App::Ack::Filter->register_filter(ext => __PACKAGE__);
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::Filter::FirstLineMatch;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+BEGIN {
+    our @ISA = 'App::Ack::Filter';
+}
+
+sub new {
+    my ( $class, $re ) = @_;
+
+    $re =~ s{^/|/$}{}g; # XXX validate?
+    $re = qr{$re}i;
+
+    return bless {
+        regex => $re,
+    }, $class;
+}
+
+# This test reads the first 250 characters of a file, then just uses the
+# first line found in that. This prevents reading something  like an entire
+# .min.js file (which might be only one "line" long) into memory.
+
+sub filter {
+    my ( $self, $resource ) = @_;
+
+    my $re = $self->{'regex'};
+
+    my $line = $resource->firstliney;
+
+    return $line =~ /$re/;
+}
+
+sub inspect {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    my $re = $self->{'regex'};
+
+    return ref($self) . " - $re";
+}
+
+sub to_string {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    (my $re = $self->{regex}) =~ s{\([^:]*:(.*)\)$}{$1};
+
+    return "first line matches /$re/";
+}
+
+BEGIN {
+    App::Ack::Filter->register_filter(firstlinematch => __PACKAGE__);
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::Filter::Is;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+BEGIN {
+    our @ISA = 'App::Ack::Filter';
+}
+
+use File::Spec 3.00 ();
+
+sub new {
+    my ( $class, $filename ) = @_;
+
+    return bless {
+        filename => $filename,
+        groupname => 'IsGroup',
+    }, $class;
+}
+
+sub create_group {
+    return App::Ack::Filter::IsGroup->new();
+}
+
+sub filter {
+    my ( $self, $resource ) = @_;
+
+    my $filename = $self->{'filename'};
+    my $base     = (File::Spec->splitpath($resource->name))[2];
+
+    return $base eq $filename;
+}
+
+sub inspect {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    my $filename = $self->{'filename'};
+
+    return ref($self) . " - $filename";
+}
+
+sub to_string {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    my $filename = $self->{'filename'};
+
+    return $filename;
+}
+
+BEGIN {
+    App::Ack::Filter->register_filter(is => __PACKAGE__);
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::Filter::Match;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+BEGIN {
+    our @ISA = 'App::Ack::Filter';
+}
+
+use File::Spec 3.00;
+
+sub new {
+    my ( $class, $re ) = @_;
+
+    $re =~ s{^/|/$}{}g; # XXX validate?
+    $re = qr/$re/i;
+
+    return bless {
+        regex => $re,
+    }, $class;
+}
+
+sub filter {
+    my ( $self, $resource ) = @_;
+
+    my $re   = $self->{'regex'};
+    my $base = (File::Spec->splitpath($resource->name))[2];
+
+    return $base =~ /$re/;
+}
+
+sub inspect {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    my $re = $self->{'regex'};
+
+    print ref($self) . " - $re";
+
+    return;
+}
+
+sub to_string {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    my $re = $self->{'regex'};
+
+    return "filename matches $re";
+}
+
+BEGIN {
+    App::Ack::Filter->register_filter(match => __PACKAGE__);
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::Filter::Default;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+BEGIN {
+    our @ISA = 'App::Ack::Filter';
+}
+
+sub new {
+    my ( $class ) = @_;
+
+    return bless {}, $class;
+}
+
+sub filter {
+    my ( $self, $resource ) = @_;
+
+    return -T $resource->name;
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::Filter::Inverse;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+BEGIN {
+    our @ISA = 'App::Ack::Filter';
+}
+
+sub new {
+    my ( $class, $filter ) = @_;
+
+    return bless {
+        filter => $filter,
+    }, $class;
+}
+
+sub filter {
+    my ( $self, $resource ) = @_;
+
+    my $filter = $self->{'filter'};
+    return !$filter->filter( $resource );
+}
+
+sub invert {
+    my $self = shift;
+
+    return $self->{'filter'};
+}
+
+sub is_inverted {
+    return 1;
+}
+
+sub inspect {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    my $filter = $self->{'filter'};
+
+    return "!$filter";
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::Filter::Collection;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+BEGIN {
+    our @ISA = 'App::Ack::Filter';
+}
+
+sub new {
+    my ( $class ) = @_;
+
+    return bless {
+        groups => {},
+        ungrouped => [],
+    }, $class;
+}
+
+sub filter {
+    my ( $self, $resource ) = @_;
+
+    for my $group (values %{$self->{'groups'}}) {
+        if ($group->filter($resource)) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    for my $filter (@{$self->{'ungrouped'}}) {
+        if ($filter->filter($resource)) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+sub add {
+    my ( $self, $filter ) = @_;
+
+    if (exists $filter->{'groupname'}) {
+        my $group = ($self->{groups}->{$filter->{groupname}} ||= $filter->create_group());
+        $group->add($filter);
+    }
+    else {
+        push @{$self->{'ungrouped'}}, $filter;
+    }
+
+    return;
+}
+
+sub inspect {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    return ref($self) . " - $self";
+}
+
+sub to_string {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    my $ungrouped = $self->{'ungrouped'};
+
+    return join(', ', map { "($_)" } @{$ungrouped});
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::Filter::IsGroup;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+BEGIN {
+    our @ISA = 'App::Ack::Filter';
+}
+
+use File::Spec 3.00 ();
+
+sub new {
+    my ( $class ) = @_;
+
+    return bless {
+        data => {},
+    }, $class;
+}
+
+sub add {
+    my ( $self, $filter ) = @_;
+
+    $self->{data}->{ $filter->{filename} } = 1;
+
+    return;
+}
+
+sub filter {
+    my ( $self, $resource ) = @_;
+
+    my $data = $self->{'data'};
+    my $base = (File::Spec->splitpath($resource->name))[2];
+
+    return exists $data->{$base};
+}
+
+sub inspect {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    return ref($self) . " - $self";
+}
+
+sub to_string {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    return join(' ', keys %{$self->{data}});
+}
+
+1;
+package App::Ack::Filter::ExtensionGroup;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+BEGIN {
+    our @ISA = 'App::Ack::Filter';
+}
+
+sub new {
+    my ( $class ) = @_;
+
+    return bless {
+        data => {},
+    }, $class;
+}
+
+sub add {
+    my ( $self, $filter ) = @_;
+
+    foreach my $ext (@{$filter->{extensions}}) {
+        $self->{data}->{lc $ext} = 1;
+    }
+
+    return;
+}
+
+sub filter {
+    my ( $self, $resource ) = @_;
+
+    if ($resource->name =~ /[.]([^.]*)$/) {
+        return exists $self->{'data'}->{lc $1};
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+sub inspect {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    return ref($self) . " - $self";
+}
+
+sub to_string {
+    my ( $self ) = @_;
+
+    return join(' ', map { ".$_" } sort keys %{$self->{data}});
+}
+
+1;
+package File::Next;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+
+our $VERSION = '1.12';
+
+
+
+use File::Spec ();
+
+our $name; # name of the current file
+our $dir;  # dir of the current file
+
+our %files_defaults;
+our %skip_dirs;
+
+BEGIN {
+    %files_defaults = (
+        file_filter     => undef,
+        descend_filter  => undef,
+        error_handler   => sub { CORE::die @_ },
+        warning_handler => sub { CORE::warn @_ },
+        sort_files      => undef,
+        follow_symlinks => 1,
+        nul_separated   => 0,
+    );
+    %skip_dirs = map {($_,1)} (File::Spec->curdir, File::Spec->updir);
+}
+
+
+sub files {
+    die _bad_invocation() if @_ && defined($_[0]) && ($_[0] eq __PACKAGE__);
+
+    my ($parms,@queue) = _setup( \%files_defaults, @_ );
+    my $filter = $parms->{file_filter};
+
+    return sub {
+        while (@queue) {
+            my ($dirname,$file,$fullpath) = splice( @queue, 0, 3 );
+            if ( -f $fullpath || -p $fullpath || $fullpath =~ m{^/dev/fd} ) {
+                if ( $filter ) {
+                    local $_ = $file;
+                    local $File::Next::dir = $dirname;
+                    local $File::Next::name = $fullpath;
+                    next if not $filter->();
+                }
+                return wantarray ? ($dirname,$file,$fullpath) : $fullpath;
+            }
+            elsif ( -d _ ) {
+                unshift( @queue, _candidate_files( $parms, $fullpath ) );
+            }
+        } # while
+
+        return;
+    }; # iterator
+}
+
+
+
+
+
+
+sub from_file {
+    die _bad_invocation() if @_ && defined($_[0]) && ($_[0] eq __PACKAGE__);
+
+    my ($parms,@queue) = _setup( \%files_defaults, @_ );
+    my $err  = $parms->{error_handler};
+    my $warn = $parms->{error_handler};
+
+    my $filename = $queue[1];
+
+    if ( !defined($filename) ) {
+        $err->( 'Must pass a filename to from_file()' );
+        return undef;
+    }
+
+    my $fh;
+    if ( $filename eq '-' ) {
+        $fh = \*STDIN;
+    }
+    else {
+        if ( !open( $fh, '<', $filename ) ) {
+            $err->( "Unable to open $filename: $!" );
+            return undef;
+        }
+    }
+    my $filter = $parms->{file_filter};
+
+    return sub {
+        local $/ = $parms->{nul_separated} ? "\x00" : $/;
+        while ( my $fullpath = <$fh> ) {
+            chomp $fullpath;
+            next unless $fullpath =~ /./;
+            if ( not ( -f $fullpath || -p _ ) ) {
+                $warn->( "$fullpath: No such file" );
+                next;
+            }
+
+            my ($volume,$dirname,$file) = File::Spec->splitpath( $fullpath );
+            if ( $filter ) {
+                local $_ = $file;
+                local $File::Next::dir  = $dirname;
+                local $File::Next::name = $fullpath;
+                next if not $filter->();
+            }
+            return wantarray ? ($dirname,$file,$fullpath) : $fullpath;
+        } # while
+        close $fh;
+
+        return;
+    }; # iterator
+}
+
+sub _bad_invocation {
+    my $good = (caller(1))[3];
+    my $bad  = $good;
+    $bad =~ s/(.+)::/$1->/;
+    return "$good must not be invoked as $bad";
+}
+
+sub sort_standard($$)   { return $_[0]->[1] cmp $_[1]->[1] }
+sub sort_reverse($$)    { return $_[1]->[1] cmp $_[0]->[1] }
+
+sub reslash {
+    my $path = shift;
+
+    my @parts = split( /\//, $path );
+
+    return $path if @parts < 2;
+
+    return File::Spec->catfile( @parts );
+}
+
+
+
+sub _setup {
+    my $defaults = shift;
+    my $passed_parms = ref $_[0] eq 'HASH' ? {%{+shift}} : {}; # copy parm hash
+
+    my %passed_parms = %{$passed_parms};
+
+    my $parms = {};
+    for my $key ( keys %{$defaults} ) {
+        $parms->{$key} =
+            exists $passed_parms{$key}
+                ? delete $passed_parms{$key}
+                : $defaults->{$key};
+    }
+
+    # Any leftover keys are bogus
+    for my $badkey ( keys %passed_parms ) {
+        my $sub = (caller(1))[3];
+        $parms->{error_handler}->( "Invalid option passed to $sub(): $badkey" );
+    }
+
+    # If it's not a code ref, assume standard sort
+    if ( $parms->{sort_files} && ( ref($parms->{sort_files}) ne 'CODE' ) ) {
+        $parms->{sort_files} = \&sort_standard;
+    }
+    my @queue;
+
+    for ( @_ ) {
+        my $start = reslash( $_ );
+        if (-d $start) {
+            push @queue, ($start,undef,$start);
+        }
+        else {
+            push @queue, (undef,$start,$start);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return ($parms,@queue);
+}
+
+
+sub _candidate_files {
+    my $parms   = shift;
+    my $dirname = shift;
+
+    my $dh;
+    if ( !opendir $dh, $dirname ) {
+        $parms->{error_handler}->( "$dirname: $!" );
+        return;
+    }
+
+    my @newfiles;
+    my $descend_filter = $parms->{descend_filter};
+    my $follow_symlinks = $parms->{follow_symlinks};
+    my $sort_sub = $parms->{sort_files};
+
+    for my $file ( grep { !exists $skip_dirs{$_} } readdir $dh ) {
+        my $has_stat;
+
+        # Only do directory checking if we have a descend_filter
+        my $fullpath = File::Spec->catdir( $dirname, $file );
+        if ( !$follow_symlinks ) {
+            next if -l $fullpath;
+            $has_stat = 1;
+        }
+
+        if ( $descend_filter ) {
+            if ( $has_stat ? (-d _) : (-d $fullpath) ) {
+                local $File::Next::dir = $fullpath;
+                local $_ = $file;
+                next if not $descend_filter->();
+            }
+        }
+        if ( $sort_sub ) {
+            push( @newfiles, [ $dirname, $file, $fullpath ] );
+        }
+        else {
+            push( @newfiles, $dirname, $file, $fullpath );
+        }
+    }
+    closedir $dh;
+
+    if ( $sort_sub ) {
+        return map { @{$_} } sort $sort_sub @newfiles;
+    }
+
+    return @newfiles;
+}
+
+
+1; # End of File::Next

setup.sh

@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ echo "Irssi linked."
 
 # Ack
 linkup ~/dotfiles/ack/ackrc ~/.ackrc
+linkup ~/dotfiles/bin/ack ~/bin/ack
 echo "Ack linked."
 
 # Powerline